I think that any of the readers of this article no longer considers the words “Operating system” and “Windows” to be synonymous, because knows at least one or more other systems. For many it will be Android, for a significant circle it is known Windows Phone and iOS, slightly fewer people have heard of OS X, FreeBSD and Ubuntu. All these operating systems are developed by Western (mainly American) organizations. At first glance, there is nowhere for a Russian person to cast his gaze... but no. We also have our own masters.

We are already accustomed to the fact that information technologies for Russia are not a subject of creativity, but a subject of passive study. Yes, we know world-class antivirus from Kaspersky or this moment The best text recognizer FineReader is also from a Russian company. Someone will remember Dr.Web. But in the general context, this is, if not a drop, then a small puddle in the sea that makes up our computer horizons. This illusion is wrong, because Not all active participants in the IT community are evaluated, but only those who actively promote themselves through advertising or sales managers. And who is left out of our horizons? Yes, tens of thousands of domestic developers of different levels of professionalism and different areas of problems to be solved.

It's no secret that the most important component of any computer (except for the hardware inside the case) is the operating system. But do we have anything domestic to look for here? It turns out there is. Here is a short list of real projects that have been launched and have been working for several years:

I decided to consider the first one (ROSU), because... I think it is most convenient for former users Windows of all the ones I've tried. More precisely: the editorial office “for the people” - Fresh (i.e. “Fresh” ROSA).

https://pp.vk.me/c622330/v622330599/4a111/e-lkYhJxA2M.jpg

The main problem for the user of a new operating system is mastering the new logic of working with a computer (after all, ROSA is not a clone of Windows, but a completely different OS). For example, a person who decides to switch to OS X from Apple will have to resolutely reject Windows habits, down to the “hot keys”. Here the Russian operating system has a minimum of problems: the bottom panel resembles the usual “Vendo” panel in its operating logic, and the menu structure (let’s call it “START”) will delight you with its simplicity and functionality.

https://pp.vk.me/c624419/v624419599/61c93/7xQG0ybJAO4.jpg

But this is only external “cosmetics”. Inside there are all the tools necessary even for a fairly advanced user: built-in players for a huge number of formats, a full-fledged office suite (analogous to MS Office), graphics, audio and video editors, mail client, two(!) browsers for fans from different camps (Firefox and Chromium), a client capable of connecting to ICQ and QIP, utilities for burning bootable flash drives and disks. If necessary, we install Skype, TeamViewer and others useful programs through a convenient and concise program installer (most programs are installed and updated through this one tool without the need to update manually).

https://pp.vk.me/c622330/v622330599/4a11b/dmMw9LEA8S4.jpg

And even with all the massiveness of the pre-installed set of programs, ROSA manages to load and shut down faster than the products of the Redmond corporation. And the problem of viruses will only bother those who purposefully install them into the system. They cannot appear “suddenly” on the computer.

With all this, the system has many unique features for the Windows user. Just think about the ability to distribute WiFi Internet from your laptop in two clicks or the ability to mock the system with experiments after turning on the “freeze mode”, and then after a reboot see the system in a “pre-frozen” state.

https://pp.vk.me/c622330/v622330599/4a125/cm1N-A-A-Ok.jpg

In general, there are many advantages. You need to touch them to understand this. To do this, just boot into a full-fledged operating system directly from a CD or flash drive, without installing the system (unusual, right?). And if you like it, then install the system and during the installation browse the Internet or write an interesting article.

Another advantage of the Russian OS is the active and accessible Russian-speaking community

September 2, 2014 at 10:08 am

Domestic software– the key to the development of intellectual production in Russia?

It is known that in Russia non-resource production is rather poorly developed. Manufacturers of intellectual products have long had to endure high levels of piracy, industrial espionage, and illegal borrowing of developments. The share of foreign software used in Russia is 67%, and in hardware it reaches 90%. Considering all these factors, the average person perceives with great skepticism statements that import substitution in the IT industry will have at least some success. It is said that this will be a “replacement on paper”, without significant actual results. Let's figure out whether this is true and whether it is possible to reduce the use of foreign software to a minimum.

The first thing you can pay attention to is new legislation protecting the rights of copyright holders. Pirate sites are blocked, prices, due to the increased number of licensed users, have become quite affordable for the average consumer, and many Russian home users have already decided to use only licensed software on their computers. Those. the movement comes from two sides - from the state and from the copyright holders. This is the only way to break the mentality of Russian users, who are accustomed to using products “that cannot be touched” for free.

The Russian software industry has made significant leaps over the past few years and is one of the fastest growing industrial sectors in Russia. In particular, in 2010 and 2011, the growth rate of Russian IT exports was 20%, in 2012 – 17%, and in 2013 – 15%, amounting to $5.2 billion. IT exports exceed 0. 9% of all Russian exports, and the share of Russian software companies in the global software market is about 2.5%. The volumes of this industry are already being compared with the volumes of products produced by the military-industrial complex of our country.
If we talk about the corporate software market, most enterprises now use licensed software due to control by law enforcement agencies.

Software increasingly contains a cloud component, i.e. Some of the functionality is provided directly on the manufacturers' servers. Products without a cloud component lose in their capabilities.

Anti-virus programs and traffic control solutions are now the first thing businesses purchase. These classes of software are tied to the need to receive constant updates to malicious code databases, and in recent years they cannot function normally without connecting to cloud detection databases that are updated in real time.

The consumer understands: in order for the software to perform its functions properly, it is better to purchase it. It is better to buy an operating system in order to be able to receive new functionality and install updates related to information security. Video games are worth buying in order to install patches on time and have access to official technical support, and enjoy the games, and not sit on forums trying to solve yet another problem.

Those. It is clear that the Russian software market is growing. But who will benefit from the new federal policy aimed at import substitution?
It is clear that the first type of beneficiaries are domestic software manufacturers. But what is beneficial to our software producers is beneficial to our country as a whole. Taxes remain in our country, and this affects the quality of life of people through existing government social programs.

Russian program developers respond faster to changes in our local reality. There is no need to adapt the programs to our standards and production processes, our office work. The chain from manufacturer to consumer is shorter, which means that domestic software products easily compete with foreign ones in price. This means that the second beneficiary is domestic users. Again, domestic programmers initially focus on the Russian-speaking audience, instructions are developed in Russian, there is a Russian-language technical support.

The third party that benefits is our state. There are known cases where foreign software often contained bookmarks that allowed intelligence services of other states to gain unauthorized access to information located on user computers. At the same time, the analysis procedures program code tests for bookmarks currently exist, but they are quite difficult to implement and unreliable. In these conditions, the use of domestic software is one of the echelons of protection against potential and real external enemies.

The domestic software market has a great future, because... it is actually already formed, it is mature and ready for scaling. Of course, it will be difficult to replace foreign operating systems such as OS X or Windows, although if the process is properly organized, you can apply existing developments and use the opportunities offered by free software. With proper targeted funding, such complex problems can be solved. It is worth noting that there has already been progress in creating a Russian operating system. You can recall the MSWS OS, which has been used in the Ministry of Defense since 2002. Among the free projects supported by enthusiasts, one can note ReactOS, the development of which is largely concentrated in Russia at present. The developers received government grants and are looking with hope at the new Russian policy in the field of import substitution.

In hardware, such growth is much more difficult to achieve, but nothing is impossible here, if you look at the experience of China, where individual manufacturers hardware have already taken first place in terms of the volume of their respective markets in the world. In particular, I recall the achievements of the (originally) Chinese company Lenovo, which managed to take fourth place among the five largest global personal computer manufacturers.

But one cannot fail to mention Russia’s successes in this field. In particular, the Russian company MCST has been developing processors of the Elbrus family since 1992. Initially, these processors were produced in Taiwan, but currently production is being transferred to Russia. Computers and servers based on these processors are being adopted by Russian government agencies. Omsk hosting service provider - the Promobit company - in August 2014 introduced the Bitblaze Rus data storage server, running the Elbrus 2C+ processor.

Developments are also underway in the field of mobile hardware. The Ministry of Defense currently uses special Cell phones M-633C “Bumblebee”, allowing you to work in GSM networks both in open mode and in encrypted voice communication mode. In 2013, the Arsenal plant of Roscosmos also began using similar devices due to the increase in leaks of classified information. The Federal Penitentiary Service also uses similar telephone numbers.
In general, we can conclude that intellectual production in Russia can and should be developed; this can and should be done not only out of necessity, in response to sanctions from other states, but also without such sad incentives and reasons. Of course, this will require significant efforts, for example, in monitoring the targeted expenditure of funds. Of course, the replacement will not be 100%, and, in general, it is not necessary. But it is necessary to use the factor of the state’s increased interest in the transition from foreign high-tech products to domestic ones; this factor will have a positive impact on the growth of the Russian IT industry, and therefore on the economy of our country as a whole.

The article was prepared by the developers of the Traffic Inspector software solution.

Many people believe that there is no Russian software (software), or there is very little of it. Or in general it is limited to Kaspersky antivirus. I decided to find out what the current state of Russian software is.

So, all software, figuratively speaking, is divided into operating systems, application software and special or system software. Let's start with operating systems (OS).

OS

Currently, operating systems are divided into two large camps - Windows and non-Windows. Everyone knows Windows OS very well; in fact, everyone has it at home. It also applies to government agencies. And here the question arises about its security regarding the information stored in it. No matter how the FSB checks for built-in bookmarks, this OS is constantly updated. And it’s not a fact that some kind of spyware will not come along with the next update. And there is simply nothing to fix it with.

There are a lot of Linux-based operating systems. They differ only in the set of built-in software and various features “from the manufacturer”. There is also a difference in price, oddly enough, for this free software. The free version of the Linux OS is positioned as “download, install and master as you want.” But there are also paid versions; the fee is charged to support the performance of a specific version of the OS and solve operational problems. I will not compare the cost of owning an OS on Windows and Linux; there are enough articles on this topic.

Let's return to Russian OS. Several Linux-based Russian versions OS, including server versions. However, not all of them are approved for use in government agencies. Specifically for such enterprises, there is the ROSA OS, based on Linux with several options - Chrome, Cobalt, Nickel. These are the names of the OS family certified by FSTEC of Russia for use in government agencies. I will give the characteristics of one of the options, OS "Cobalt". Data taken from the website of LLC "NTC IT ROSA".

operating system ROSA “COBALT” is certified by FSTEC of Russia in desktop and server versions, used by commercial structures, industrial enterprises and government bodies working with confidential information, including personal data.

OS ROSA DX “COBALT” 1.0 for desktop systems is certified by FSTEC for the 5th class of protection against non-intrusive information, the 4th class against non-intrusive substances. Recommended for use in automated systems level not higher than 1G. Includes “out of the box” the software necessary for operation: package office programs, web browser, email client, graphics editor, etc.

OS ROSA SX “COBALT” 1.0 for server purposes is certified by FSTEC for the 5th class of protection against non-intrusive information, the 4th class against non-intrusive substances. Recommended for use in automated systems of level no higher than 1G. Can be used to solve a wide range of tasks: hosting websites and applications, managing accounts, storing and Reserve copy data, organizations network access. Includes a convenient web interface for installing and managing the most common services.

The system includes the necessary built-in protection against unauthorized access to information and implements:

Discretionary principle of access control.
Clearing memory.
Integrity of the CPS.
Registration and accounting tools.
Marking documents in the printing system.

Compatible with information security systems from the following manufacturers.
Antivirus protection: Dr. Web; Kaspersky Lab.

CIPF:
Crypto-PRO.
Cryptocom.
Rutoken EDS.
Rutoken Web.

APMDZ:
Caesar.
Centurion.
Chord.
Sable.
Maksim.

Software composition. OS ROSA “COBALT” DX comes with the following software:
Full-featured office suite Libre Office.
Internet browser Firefox.
Mail Thunderbird client.
Graphics editor GIMP, which works with JPEG, PNG, etc. formats.
Tools for working with PDF.
Backup and archiving tools.
A set of codecs for playing multimedia files of various types, including high-definition video.

OS ROSA “COBALT” SX includes the following server services:
Mail server.
Print server.
NFS and SMB file servers.
Network services DHCP and DNS.
LAMP stack.
Support for working with databases MySQL data and PostgreSQL.

Minimum system requirements:

A computer with a processor equivalent to an Intel Pentium III 1 GHz (Pentium 4 2.0 GHz or higher recommended).
1GB RAM (2GB or higher recommended).
VGA video adapter and monitor supporting 1024x768 24-bit resolution.
DVD drive or flash drive of at least 4GB in size for installation.
Minimum 20 GB free space on your hard drive.

For those who are not versed in such diverse technologies, I will explain: this is not just a separate empty OS like, for example, Windows. It includes an office suite, network services, an email program, media content playback tools, a mail server (!), and built-in DBMS support. In general, I bought it, installed it and use it. There is also a free version called ROSA Desktop Fresh. That is, we actually have an OS. In general, there is no need to create your own OS from scratch; this will result in huge investments in both OS development and implementation.

Application software

Let’s list something that is well-known or often used, but people don’t pay attention to the fact that this software is Russian. For critics: this is not an advertisement for companies, this is a listing of what is actually supplied, including for export.

Two very common antiviruses: Kaspersky Anti-Virus and Dr. Web. They are even sold abroad, and are taken very willingly.

Navigation systems and modeling of aircraft and marine vehicles - Transas company. Products and solutions are exported.

Automation of telecommunication companies - CBOSS company.

Virtualization and automation software - Parallels.

Electronic dictionaries, OCR character recognition systems—only the lazy probably haven’t heard of Abbyy.

System utilities for managing data on your hard drive and software for mobile devices— Paragon Software Group.

Built-in software for voice, video and data transmission - SPIRIT DSP. Did not hear? Me too, but as it turns out, there is such a thing.

PROMT, 1C are also well-known companies. True, they are in demand only in the territory of the former USSR.

But with the office suite it’s difficult; OpenOffice or LibreOffice is mainly used as a free competitor to MS Office.

System software

This is special software, mainly created and used in some narrow areas. Moreover, the difference in software is significant, there are entire operating systems, and there are also simple “firmware” for controlling highly specialized controllers. For the most part, there is little information about such systems, some are classified, some are for too narrow areas, some are simply not interesting from the point of view of implementation.

"Military" operating systems, which are classified as special software, are developed by JSC VNIINS. These are WSWS (Mobile Armed Forces System), OMONIM and OLIVIA. Main platform general purpose is WSWS, which, like the other two operating systems, is created on Linux based. The system is designed for building stationary secure automated systems and has been supplied to the Russian Armed Forces since 2002. Based on the requirements of the Armed Forces, the emphasis in the OS is placed both on protection from unauthorized access and on the absence of undeclared capabilities. Being a multitasking network OS, MSVS operates on hardware Intel platforms, Sparc and MIPS.

OLIVIA is an OS version for building secure automated mobile-based systems, and OMONIM is a stationary system for mainframes.

Another military OS is PTS-DOS (a familiar name for oldfags, isn't it?), developed by the Phystech-Soft company. This OS, which is compact (fits on one floppy disk), is available in two versions - PTS-DOS 32 and PTS-DOS 2000. This OS is compatible with MS-DOS and is optimized to save memory. The package includes LotLAN peer-to-peer local network and all basic utilities.

With DBMS everything is a little worse, but they are developed by the same company "VNIINS". Two systems, which were also developed for the armed forces, are built into their own operating systems, which were discussed above.

The Pallada system is a secure object-oriented DBMS designed for automated control systems of mobile-based armed forces. "Pallada" operates in the MSWS and OLIVIA OS environment. Another DBMS, "Linter-VS", is a relational DBMS for automated computer systems. This system only works in the WSWS environment.

The Nika DBMS, developed on the basis of the Soviet INES system, is now owned by Cognitive Technologies. This hierarchical DBMS is built into other company products. "Nika" is the basis for the document flow system "Euphrates-Document Flow" and the information and reference system "NIKA-Museum". At the same time, the DBMS is not distributed by the company in a separate package.

As for the machines, everything is not very happy, but not very sad either. Not long ago I was surprised to learn that in Astrakhan, in addition to shipbuilding, there is also the production of CNC machines. The software of these machines is highly dependent on the controllers and other electronics used to control the machine. Therefore, it is used both by Russian controllers and foreign ones.

conclusions

In general, we can say that there are no special breakthroughs. Russian software is mainly used in specialized and closed military products. A certain share in application software and antiviruses is expressed as a few percentages of the use of foreign software.

Unfortunately, the increasing complexity of electronics, machine tools, other equipment and mechanisms for the production of high-tech products does not make it possible to completely switch to Russian software. Purely for technical reasons.

Already what is the most powerful processors Intel and AMD are not manufactured here, and do not make it possible to create a Russian OS “for home”. It just doesn't make sense.

Now MCST is entering the market with its line of Elbrus processors. More precisely, these processors have been around for a long time, but their widespread advertising has only begun now. Software is also developed there. But again, Elbrus OS is based on the Linux kernel.

In general, neither shaky nor shaky. Where necessary, there is Russian, where you can get by - foreign. But often “where it’s needed” is replaced with “you can get by.” And this often results in problems.

Website materials used:
http://www.mcst.ru
http://www.rosalab.ru/
http://compress.ru/article.aspx?id=22566
http://www.transas.ru/products
http://www.cboss.ru/products/products-map.html
http://www.interface.ru/home.asp?artId=6856
http://www.assz.ru/

The need to accelerate the development of the domestic software market, ensure maximum independence from foreign developments in the field of high technology and preserve information sovereignty was first discussed at the highest level in 2014, when US and EU sanctions sharply increased the risks associated with the use of foreign software in business and government organizations . It was then that the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation became seriously concerned about solving this strategically significant, in the opinion of officials, issue, along with stimulating demand for national products and developing appropriate measures to support domestic developers. As a result, restrictions on the admission of foreign software in state and municipal procurement, as well as rules for the formation and maintenance of a unified register, were approved at the legislative level in the shortest possible time Russian programs. All this has had a positive impact on the software market in Russia, which has recently been replenished with many interesting projects and developments. Including in the field of operating systems.

"Alt Linux SPT" is a unified Linux-based distribution for servers, workstations and thin clients with built-in software information protection, which can be used to build automated systems up to class 1B inclusive and personal data information systems (PDIS) up to class 1K inclusive. The OS allows you to simultaneously store and process on one personal computer or server confidential data, ensure multi-user work with restricted access to information, work with virtual machines, and also use centralized authorization tools. The certificate issued by FSTEC of Russia confirms the product’s compliance with the requirements of the following governing documents: “Computer equipment. Protection against unauthorized access to information. Indicators of security against unauthorized access to information" - according to security class 4; "Protection against unauthorized access to information. Part 1. Information security software. Classification according to the level of absence of undeclared capabilities” - according to the 3rd level of control and technical conditions. Technical support for Alt Linux SPT users is provided by the Free Software and Technologies company through its partner developer Basalt SPO.

⇡

Developer: Basalt SPO company

The Viola platform is a set of enterprise-level Linux distributions that allow you to deploy corporate IT infrastructure of any scale. The platform includes three distributions. This is a universal “Viola Workstation”, which includes an operating system and a set of applications for full-fledged work. The second is the server distribution "Alt Server", which can act as a domain controller Active Directory and contains the most complete set of services and environments for creating a corporate infrastructure (DBMS, mail and web server, authentication tools, work group, virtual machine management and monitoring and other tools). The third is “Alt Education 8”, focused on everyday use in planning, organizing and conducting the educational process in institutions of general, secondary and higher education. In addition, the Basalt SPO product series includes the above-mentioned certified Alt Linux SPT distribution kit and the Simply Linux operating system for home users.

⇡

Developer: National Center for Informatization (part of the Rostec state corporation)

Russian project to create an ecosystem of software products based on Linux distribution, intended for complex automation of workplaces and IT infrastructure of organizations and enterprises, including in data centers, on servers and client workstations. The platform is presented in the “OS.Office” and “OS.Server” versions. They differ in the sets of application software included in the distribution kit. The office edition of the product contains the operating system itself, information security tools, a package of programs for working with documents, an email client and a browser. The server version includes an operating system, information security tools, monitoring and system management tools, a server Email and DBMS. Potential users of the platform include federal and regional authorities, local governments, companies with state participation and state corporations. It is expected that the OSi-based ecosystem will in the near future become a full-fledged alternative to Western analogues.

Development of the research and production association "RusBITech", presented in two versions: Astra Linux Common Edition (general purpose) and Astra Linux Special Edition (special purpose). Peculiarities latest version OS: advanced software information security processed data, a mechanism for mandatory access control and closedness control software environment, built-in tools for marking documents, recording events, monitoring data integrity, as well as other components that ensure information protection. According to the developers, Astra Linux Special Edition is the only software platform, certified simultaneously in the information security certification systems of the FSTEC of Russia, the FSB, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and allowing processing in automated means of all ministries, departments and other institutions Russian Federation restricted access information containing information constituting a state secret and classified no higher than “top secret”.

⇡ ROSALinux

Developer: LLC "NTC IT ROSA"

The ROSA Linux family of operating systems includes an impressive set of solutions designed for home use(ROSA Fresh version) and application in a corporate environment (ROSA Enterprise Desktop), deployment of infrastructure IT services of the organization (ROSA Enterprise Linux Server), processing of confidential information and personal data (ROSA Kobalt), as well as information constituting state secrets (ROSA "Chrome" and "Nickel"). The listed products are based on the developments of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Mandriva and CentOS with the inclusion of a large number of additional components - including original ones created by programmers of the scientific and technical center information technologies"DEW". In particular, OS distributions for the corporate market segment include virtualization tools, software for organizing backups, tools for building private clouds, as well as centralized management of network resources and data storage systems.

⇡

Developer: Calculate company

Calculate Linux presented in Desktop, Directory Server, Scratch, Scratch Server editions and created with an eye on home users and small and medium-sized businesses who prefer to use open source software instead of proprietary solutions. Platform features: full-time job in heterogeneous networks, a mechanism for roaming user profiles, tools for centralized software deployment, ease of administration, the ability to install on portable USB drives and support for binary repositories of Gentoo updates. It is important that the development team is accessible and open to any comments, suggestions and wishes of the user audience, as evidenced by the huge number of ways to get involved in the Calculate Linux community and platform development.

⇡ "Ulyanovsk.BSD »

Developer: Sergey Volkov

An operating system that is built on the freely distributed FreeBSD platform and contains necessary set application programs for home users and office tasks. According to the only OS developer Sergei Volkov, Ulyanovsk.BSD is fully adapted to the needs of Russian-speaking users. “Our assembly is as lightweight as possible and is ideal for use both on home computers and on workstations of employees of various organizations, as well as for use in educational institutions,” says the author of the project, without going into details of how exactly the product he compiled differs from the original. The credibility of the project is added not only by the presence of a commercially distributed distribution kit and paid technical support, but also by an entry in the Russian software registry. This means that the Ulyanovsk.BSD software platform can be legally used by government organizations as part of projects to introduce import-substituting technologies.

A certified and secure operating system that allows you to process information in accordance with Federal Law No. 152 “On Personal Data” and implement systems for processing restricted access information that is not related to state secrets. ICLinux includes tools remote administration, has a built-in firewall, certified for compliance with the RD ME for the 3rd security class, supports RDP, X-Windows System, SSH, Telnet, VNC, VPN, NX, ICA and other protocols. The platform’s assets also include compatibility with the authentication tools of the Aladdin R.D. company. and a modular architecture that allows you to flexibly customize the operating system to suit customer requirements.

⇡ "Alpha OS" (Alfa OS)

Developer: ALFA Vision company

Another Linux clone, equipped with a user interface a la macOS with a set of familiar office applications and filled with deep philosophical meaning. No joke, on the developer’s website in the “About the Company” section, it says: “ The operating system is a special phenomenon, a point at which technological, aesthetic and humanitarian concepts converge. A peak that is visible from all sides. For it to shine and become what it should be, a wide variety of meaningful experiences are needed. And we have it" There is so much expression in these words, what a presentation of information! Agree, not everyone can present their product to a wide audience so expressively. Currently, Alpha OS is presented as a desktop version for x86-compatible systems. In the future, ALFA Vision intends to roll out mobile and server editions of the OS to the market, as well as a distribution kit for devices based on ARM processors.

A software platform developed specifically for computing systems with SPARC and Elbrus architecture. A special feature of the system is the radically redesigned Linux kernel, which has implemented special mechanisms for managing processes, virtual memory, interrupts, signals, synchronization, and support for tagged calculations. " We have done fundamental work to transform the Linux OS into an operating system that supports real-time operation, for which relevant optimizations have been implemented in the kernel. During real-time work, you can set various modes for processing external interrupts, scheduling calculations, exchanges with disk drives, and some others", explains the MCST company. In addition, a set of tools for protecting information from unauthorized access is built into the core of the Elbrus software platform, which allows you to use the OS to build automated systems that meet the highest information security requirements. The system also includes archiving, task scheduling, software development and other tools.

⇡ "EdOS"

An operating system based on the Linux kernel, designed to ensure the security of processed data. "Red OS" complies with domestic information security requirements, has pre-configured configurations for each hardware architecture, uses GOST 34.11-2012 algorithms in the ssh and NX protocols, and also supports access control lists. In addition, the OS supports network authentication using plug-in authentication modules (PAM, Pluggable Authentication Modules) and includes a specialized distributed audit subsystem that allows you to monitor critical security events in the corporate network and provides the IT administrator with the necessary tools for prompt response to incidents IB.

⇡ GosLinux (“GosLinux”)

Developer: Red Soft company

GosLinux OS was created specifically for the needs of the Federal Bailiff Service of the Russian Federation (FSSP of Russia) and is suitable for use in all government bodies, state extra-budgetary funds and local governments. The platform is built on the CentOS 6.4 distribution, which includes developments from Red Hat Enterprise Linux. The system is presented in two editions - for servers and workstations, contains a simplified graphical interface and a set of pre-configured information security tools. The OS developer is the Red Soft company, which won the competition in March 2013 for the development, implementation and maintenance of automated information systems of the Federal Bailiff Service of Russia. In 2014, the system received a certificate of conformity from the FSTEC of Russia, confirming that GosLinux has an estimated trust level of OUD3 and complies with the requirements of the governing document of the State Technical Commission of the Russian Federation for the 4th level of control over the absence of undeclared capabilities. The GosLinux OS distribution for government agencies is located in the national fund of algorithms and programs at nfap.minsvyaz.ru. Currently, the GosLinux platform is being actively deployed in all territorial bodies and divisions of the Federal Bailiff Service of Russia. The OS was also handed over for trial operation to representatives of the authorities of the Nizhny Novgorod, Volgograd and Yaroslavl regions.

⇡

Developer: Almi LLC

Product website:

Another Linux build on our list that definitely doesn't suffer from a lack of praise from developers. " Unique, ideal, simple, combining the convenience of an operating room Windows systems, macOS stability and Linux security“- such phrases raising AlterOS to the skies are stitched up and down the official website of the product. What exactly is the uniqueness of the domestic platform is not stated on the site, but information is provided about three editions of the OS: AlterOS “Volga” for the public sector, AlterOS “Amur” for the corporate segment and AlterOS “Don” for servers. The system is reported to be compatible with many software solutions in demand in the business environment, including 1C and Consultant Plus, as well as domestic cryptographic protection tools (for example, CryptoPro). Special emphasis is placed on the absence in the version of the platform for government organizations of software that interacts with foreign servers - everything is done according to the canons of maximum import substitution, the developers say.

⇡ Mobile Armed Forces System (MSMS)

Developer: All-Russian Research Institute of Control Automation in the Non-Industrial Sphere named after. V.V. Solomatina (VNIINS)

A secure general-purpose operating system designed for building stationary and mobile secure automated systems in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Accepted for supply to the RF Armed Forces in 2002. WSWS is based on the Linux kernel and components, supplemented by discretionary, mandatory and role-based models for restricting access to information. The system operates on hardware platforms Intel (x86 and x86_64), SPARC (Elbrus-90micro), MIPS, PowerPC64, SPARC64 and is certified according to the information security requirements of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The security measures implemented in WSWS make it possible to create automated systems based on the platform that process information that constitutes a state secret and has a secrecy level of “SS” (top secret).

⇡ "Zarya"

Developer: Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Central Research Institute of Economics, Informatics and Control Systems" ("TsNII EISU", part of the "United Instrument-Making Corporation")

A family of software platforms based on the Linux kernel, which represent an alternative to foreign operating systems currently used in law enforcement agencies, the public sector and defense enterprises. The Zarya desktop operating system is compatible with most traditional office applications and programs. The Zarya-DPC server platform allows you to organize an application server or database server. To build data centers, it offers a standard set of server software, virtualization tools, as well as the ability to work on so-called “big hardware,” including mainframes. For embedded systems operating without human intervention, which must process information in real time, a special OS “Zarya RV” has been developed. The system corresponds to the third class of protection against unauthorized access and the second level of control over the absence of undeclared capabilities. The platform was developed by order of the Russian Ministry of Defense and is expected to be in demand by law enforcement agencies, the defense complex, as well as commercial structures working with state secrets and personal data.

Operating system for terminal stations. It is based on Linux and contains only the necessary set of tools for organizing workspaces using thin clients. All features beyond this scope are excluded from the distribution. Kraftway Terminal Linux supports many application-level network protocols (RDP, VNC, SSH, NX, XWindow, VMWare View PCoIP, etc.), allows you to configure access rights for forwarding USB media, provides the ability to use network and local printers, and contains configuration recovery tools OS during reboot, as well as tools for remote group management of terminal stations and administration of workstations. A special feature of the system is its high security. Kraftway Terminal Linux also supports user authentication hardware: eToken PRO and eToken PRO Java USB keys from Aladdin R.D. CJSC, as well as RuToken S and RuToken EDS from Active-Soft CJSC. The OS update can be carried out by the administrator via local network or from a USB flash drive. It is possible to configure auto-update as with local server the customer and from the Kraftway server.

⇡ WTware

Developer: Andrey Kovalev

Another software platform for deploying workplaces in the IT infrastructure of an enterprise using inexpensive terminal solutions. The WTware distribution includes services for downloading over the network, tools for working with printers, barcode scanners and other peripheral equipment. COM and USB port redirection is supported, as well as smart card authentication. To connect to the terminal server, the RDP protocol is used, and to quickly resolve issues that arise when setting up the operating system, detailed documentation is included in the distribution kit. WTware is distributed under commercial terms and licensed by the number of workstations. The developer offers a free version of the OS for the Raspberry Pi minicomputer.

⇡ KasperskyOS

Developer: Kaspersky Lab

A secure operating system designed for use in critical infrastructures and devices. The Kaspersky Lab platform can be used in automated control systems technological processes(APCS), telecommunications equipment, medical devices, cars and other gadgets from the world of the Internet of Things. The OS was created from scratch and, due to its architecture, guarantees a high level of information security. The basic operating principle of KasperskyOS comes down to the rule “everything that is not permitted is prohibited.” This eliminates the possibility of exploiting both already known vulnerabilities and those that will be discovered in the future. At the same time, all security policies, including prohibitions on performing certain processes and actions, are configured in accordance with the needs of the organization. The platform will be supplied as pre-installed software on various types of equipment used in industrial and corporate networks. Currently, Kaspersky Lab's secure OS is embedded in an L3 routing switch developed by Kraftway.

A real-time operating system (RTOS), written by AstroSoft programmers from scratch, without borrowing anyone else's code, and designed primarily for the Internet of Things and embedded devices. In addition, it is suitable for robotics, medical equipment, systems " smart home"and "smart city", consumer electronics, etc. For the first time, the real-time OS "MAX" (the abbreviation stands for "multi-agent coherent system") was demonstrated to a wide audience in January 2017. The platform not only implements all the classic functionality of products of this type, but also has a number of unique capabilities for organizing the interaction of multiple devices, which makes it possible to simplify the creation of mechanisms necessary in embedded systems: redundancy, hot swap equipment, etc. One of the features of MAX is support for shared memory at the device level. This mechanism ensures automatic synchronization of information between nodes of a distributed system, resistant to failures of individual components. RTOS "MAX" is included in the register of domestic software. In addition, the product is registered with the Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent) and is currently undergoing certification by the Federal Service for Technical and Export Control (FSTEC of Russia) for the fourth level of control of undeclared capabilities (NDV).

⇡ As a conclusion

There are two approaches to creating Russian software. The first is to write the source code of products from scratch, entirely by domestic specialists. The second option involves the creation of national software based on the modification of borrowed source codes. This is precisely what Russian software companies working in the field of software import substitution adhere to. Our top 20 operating systems with the “Made in Russia” label are a clear confirmation of this. Whether this is good or bad is a big question, a subject for a separate discussion.

Recently, in the highest circles of government there have been frequent calls to switch to Russian software. So I decided to wonder what we could switch to. Linux-based operating systems, I immediately rejected them, because they are Russian, as in INTEL processor. No matter how they try to promote something, it’s still the same Linux with a different shell and it doesn’t matter Rose or anything else.

Well, let's see what I managed to find on the Internet from Russian software.

Software products from Russian manufacturers

Parallels Desktop

Developer: Parallels Holdings, Ltd
Official website: http://www.parallels.com/ru/products/desktop/

Parallels Desktop® 12 for Mac is the fastest, easiest, and most efficient running solution Windows applications on Mac without rebooting. Effortlessly switch between Mac and Windows apps, launch Windows apps from the Mac Dock, use familiar Mac gestures in Windows apps, and copy and drag items between apps across operating systems.

Thanks to high performance you can run common Windows applications such as Explorer and Microsoft Office, and even the most resource-intensive graphics applications without any sacrifice in performance. You can even use Microsoft's virtual voice assistant, Cortana, on your Mac.

Cortona VRML client

Developer: ParallelGraphics

Cortona VRML client from ParallelGraphics is the world's most popular VRML browser, designed for viewing a variety of 3D scenes, models and worlds in VRML, a widely used and ISO standard 3D format.

In addition to supporting the full VRML specification, Cortona also supports a number of extensions such as NURBS and Splines, reflection maps, drag-and-drop, Automation Interface, etc. This functionality makes Cortona a powerful and efficient platform for building a variety of online and offline 3D solutions, such as virtual interactive manuals, visualization of processes and procedures, entertainment and educational 3D single-user and multi-user services.

Using advanced algorithms and technologies, Cortona allows you to display the most complex scenes and models in real time while achieving superior image quality. And taking into account the built-in support for DirectX, OpenGL, hardware graphics accelerators, as well as the fact that Cortona is optimized for various processors Intel From the Pentium processor with MMX technology to the new Intel Pentium 4, users can be confident that Cortona will make the best use of available hardware and software resources to achieve maximum performance.

Today, Cortona VRML client, already installed on more than 500 thousand computers around the world, is the de facto standard for viewing VRML scenes and models. Companies that have chosen Cortona include BBC Online, Boeing, Man Roland and many others.

ParallelGraphics also offers versions of Cortona for other platforms: Mac, Mac OS X, Java and Pocket PC.

More information about Cortona VRML client and free version for personal use can be obtained from the company's website http://www.parallelgraphics.com/products/cortona/. For personal, non-commercial use, Cortona VRML client is distributed free of charge. A commercial license costs from $5 per seat.

1c accounting

“1C: Accounting” - probably the most popular product on the Russian market - is found in almost all answers to the above-mentioned survey. This is a universal mass-use program for accounting automation. Can be used both independently and in conjunction with other products of the 1C:Enterprise 7.7 system (“1C: Trade and Warehouse”, “1C: Salary and Personnel”, “Production + Services + Accounting”, etc.). The standard configuration is a ready-made solution for automating most areas of accounting. The delivery set includes a configuration intended for accounting in self-supporting organizations. For accounting purposes in institutions and organizations on a budget, the separately supplied configuration “For budget organizations” is intended. In addition, “1C: Accounting 7.7” can be used with other specially created configurations.

The program allows you to automate both the maintenance of all sections of accounting (providing flexible options for this, including the use of several charts of accounts simultaneously, multidimensional analytical accounting, complex postings, etc.), and the preparation of any primary documents.

The initial information in “1C: Accounting 7.7” is an operation that reflects a real business transaction in the enterprise. An operation contains one or more accounting entries to reflect the completed business transaction in accounting. Transactions can be entered manually or generated automatically by entered documents. The program can also use standard operations, which make it possible to automate the entry of frequently repeated operations.

"1C: Accounting 7.7" includes a set of standard reports that allow an accountant to obtain information for an arbitrary period, in various sections and with the required degree of detail. All generated reports can be printed. The program includes a set of accounting and tax reporting forms, which are updated quarterly and distributed free of charge to registered users.

The standard configuration of “1C:Accounting 7.7” implements the most common accounting schemes and can be used in most organizations. To reflect the accounting specifics of a particular enterprise, the standard configuration can be changed in accordance with accounting requirements.

Updates are issued when legislation and accounting methodology change typical configuration"1C: Accounting", which are provided free of charge to registered users. The update mode implemented in the program allows you to load new features without losing data previously entered by the user.

"1C: Accounting 7.7" contains a variety of tools for connecting with other programs:

• connection of legal support systems "1C: Garant". Integration of the 1C:Garant system and 1C:Enterprise system programs allows you to select regulatory documents for the account or type of payroll with which the accountant works;
• the ability to exchange information with Bank Client systems;
• data exchange with other systems through files in text format or in DBF format, as well as based on modern integration tools: OLE, OLE Automation and DDE. Using these tools allows you to control the operation of other programs using the built-in language (for example, generate reports and graphs in Microsoft Excel);
• gain access to 1C:Accounting 7.7 data from other programs;
• Insert objects created by other programs into 1C:Accounting 7.7 documents and reports.

ABBYY FineReader 5.0

The world's most accurate recognition system ABBYY FineReader 5.0 is designed for automatic input documents into a computer using a scanner.

The program is easy to use: you insert a document into the scanner, press the Scan&Read button, and the recognized text appears on the screen text editor. At the same time, the design of the document is completely preserved: the arrangement of text, tables, pictures, text color.

The following properties distinguish FineReader 5.0 from other recognition systems:

• recognition quality - recognition accuracy in the fifth version of FineReader has improved by 1.5-2 times compared to version 4.0. To date, the FineReader OCR system has received more than 50 awards from reputable international publications;
• accurate preservation of document design - preservation of design has been improved both by improving the analysis of the document and by more accurately preserving its font design (such features as bold and italics, the distance between words and paragraphs, etc. are preserved);
• fast publication of documents on the Internet - HTML, PDF formats are supported;
• 176 recognition languages ​​- spell check function available for 30 of them;
• call from Microsoft Word;
• automatic division of double book pages.

FineReader 5.0 Pro is the most popular version in the FineReader line, combining the level of the professional version with an affordable price. Provides high quality work in automatic mode, provides ample opportunities for editing the result (convenient built-in editor, the ability to compare with an image, an ergonomic interface of the spell check window, tools for editing blocks).

FineReader 5.0 Office includes additional professional features such as barcode recognition and the creation of new languages. But the main difference is the ability to organize mass input. The version supports network document processing. The Office version includes a form-filling program called Formulator, which allows you to fill out any form, such as an application for a foreign passport, a visa application form, or an registration card, in a few minutes.

PROMT Translation Office 2000

Developer: PROMT company

PROMT Translation Office 2000 - a system for professional work with texts in foreign languages. The product includes 8 programs that effectively solve the problem of translation when working with documents, correspondence and when working on the Internet. The system is already well known to many users, so we will list only its main features:

• the system is integrated into everything Microsoft applications Office 2000, which allows you to translate comfortably Word documents And emails in Outlook without leaving the familiar application window;
• professional linguistic editor PROMT provides a wide range of settings for various specialized texts, being an indispensable tool for translators and linguists;
• a large English-Russian-English dictionary, which is included in the package, allows you to find a translation of almost any English or Russian word;
• The WebView browser allows you to easily access information on foreign sites and search the Internet.

Translation Office 2000 was released in April 2000 and has been continuously improved and developed over the past year and a half. Among the most significant changes are the update of the translation engine (to version 1.9) in order to improve the quality of translation, and the acceleration of the mechanism for embedding translation functions into Microsoft Office 2000 applications.

This year it became possible to transfer from Spanish into Russian. Thus, the PROMT Translation Office 2000 system now works for five European languages: English, German, French, Italian and Spanish.

Price: $300

Kaspersky Anti-Virus

Developer: Kaspersky Lab

Kaspersky Anti-Virus is a recognized leader in protection technologies computer information. Many functional features of most modern antiviruses were first developed at Kaspersky Lab. A number of large Western anti-virus software manufacturers use the anti-virus core of this product in their products. The exceptional reliability and quality of the program is confirmed by numerous awards and certificates from Russian and foreign computer publications and independent testing laboratories. Kaspersky Lab develops a wide range of software products to ensure information security. The company's product line includes antivirus programs, information integrity monitoring systems and protection systems against external intrusions. Antiviruses are one of the main areas of activity of Kaspersky Lab, on which the company's main efforts are concentrated. The offered range of products is aimed at both home computers and corporate networks of any size. The company's anti-virus solutions provide reliable control over all potential sources of infiltration computer viruses: They are used on workstations, file servers, Web servers, postal systems, firewalls, pocket computers. Convenient controls give users the opportunity to automate as much as possible antivirus protection computers and corporate networks.

"Kaspersky Anti-Virus" can be purchased in computer stores and showrooms or via the Internet: through the "People's Anti-Virus" marketing program, by credit cards, in online stores, as well as from official partners of the company.

Prices for all products can be found at http://www.kaspersky.ru/products.asp?pricelist=1.

Price for products for home users with a one-year subscription: “Kaspersky Anti-Virus Personal” - $50, “Kaspersky Anti-Virus Personal Pro” - $69.

ABBYY Lingvo 7.0

Developer: ABBYY Software House

The powerful professional dictionary ABBYY Lingvo 7.0 is very easy to use. In addition to an extensive vocabulary base, the advantages of Lingvo include a fast and convenient search system, grammatical comments on words, and the ability to create your own dictionaries. In addition, the most common English words in Lingvo are voiced by a native speaker. All this makes Lingvo 7.0 an indispensable assistant not only for translators, but also for language learners.

ABBYY Lingvo 7.0 (English-Russian and Russian-English version) contains more than 1 million 200 thousand dictionary entries in 18 English-Russian and Russian-English dictionaries of general and specialized vocabulary (economic, scientific-technical, polytechnic, computer technology and programming, oil and gas, etc.). In this case, the user can work with any number of necessary dictionaries in all combinations.

Advantages of Lingvo 7.0:

• high-quality dictionaries with modern vocabulary;
• online translation using hot keys Ctrl-Ins-Ins;
• creation of custom dictionaries;
• free user dictionaries at http://www.lingvo.ru/;
• comments on words;
  live sound of 5 thousand English words;
• thoughtful interface; support for drag-and-drop technology; simultaneous work with big amount dictionaries on a virtual bookshelf.

The price of the English-Russian and Russian-English versions is $12.

Doctor Web

Developer: DialogueScience

According to the results of our survey, Doctor Web was in second place, losing in popularity to Kaspersky Anti-Virus. However, DialogueScience, as is clear from the press releases distributed by the company, is not at all inclined to dramatize the situation. On the contrary (and this is an indisputable fact), 2001 became the most successful year in the career of Doctor Web - in November the program received the next, already seventh, VB100% award, awarded based on the results of the most authoritative comparative testing of antiviruses, conducted by the independent international magazine Virus Bulletin. Considering that four of the seven awards were received since September 2001, one cannot help but admit that the optimism of DialogueScience employees is not without foundation.

But it’s not just about the awards, of course. During last year the program was continuously improved, and the product developed both “in depth” (technologically) and “in breadth” (versions were released for various operating systems). The latter, by the way, did not go unnoticed by colleagues in the shop - it was Doctor Web for Linux that was chosen by the ASPLinux manufacturers for inclusion in the delivery of the corresponding operating system. A complete listing of all the technological know-how implemented in the program would take up too much space. Let's mention just a few of the most striking ones:

• a powerful heuristic for detecting viruses that are not included in the virus database (however, the database is sometimes updated several times a day - by releasing so-called hot additions);
• unique technology for monitoring viral activity, implemented in the resident guard SpIDer Guard;
• full Windows memory check.

It should also be noted that Doctor Web, filled with a lot of “high technologies,” has not turned into an anti-virus “monster” that frightens viruses by its sheer volume. The developers manage to preserve the face of the program, so beloved by many users: compactness, reliability, performance and external simplicity.

Annual subscription costs $51.

The full price table can be found on the developer’s website.

FAR

Developer: Evgeniy Roshal

FAR is a powerful file shell for Windows, one of the best Norton-like ones file managers. The program's interface replicates the traditional Norton Commander interface (the same menu and even launching the program in a DOS window), which makes it easier to launch some older programs developed for DOS. At the same time, FAR has many new functions that make working with the program very convenient.

FAR provides a wide range of commands with files and folders (view, edit, copy, move and rename, create, delete), has a simple user-friendly interface, and provides drag-and-drop functions for copy and move operations. The program works correctly with long file names, allows you to search and view texts in several different Russian encodings, and enter the archives of most popular archivers.

FAR provides convenient access to file archives on the Internet via the FTP protocol. You can pre-configure connection parameters with an FTP server by entering the server address, name and password for access, as well as other parameters (and you can configure any number of such connections), and then connect to the server by simply selecting one of the previously configured connections. The list of FTP servers can have a branching structure, that is, you can create folders inside it and place new connections to FTP servers there or copy existing ones. After connecting, working with the server to transfer files is no different from working with files on your computer: the same functions are available for copying, deleting, creating files and directories on the FTP server.

For convenience, files different types in FAR are displayed in different colors, and it is possible to customize the colors for each group and determine what types of files are included in the group. FAR Manager is a program with an open architecture that allows you to write your own plugins.

You can significantly expand the capabilities of the FAR program and improve usability with the help of add-ons, many of which can be found on the Internet on sites with free software.

You can download the program at:

Prices: single-user license - $25, 5 users - $85.7

The Bat!

The Bat! - powerful and convenient client email for Windows 95/98/NT from RIT Labs. The program has many unique features and is an example of how a small company can create a product that can compete with the programs of the world's giants.

The Bat! has a small volume (the installation file without the Russian interface takes about 2 MB), supports any number of mailboxes (accounts), supports the POP3/SMTP, APOP, IMAP4, LDAP protocols, provides a wide selection of interface languages ​​with the ability to switch on the fly (17 languages , including almost all Slavic ones). You can view files in HTML format, import data from other mail programs, there are built-in viewers graphic files(*.GIF, *.PNG, *.BMP, *.ICO, *.WMF, *.EMF and *.JPEG).

The Bat! has powerful message sorting filters that automate work with correspondence. The program provides a convenient text editor with formatting and automatic spell checking in several languages. Implemented absolutely correct support for all Russian and other Eastern European encodings (koi-8, win-1251, dos-866, etc.).

Additional conveniences are provided by message templates and “quick templates” that insert pre-prepared text and save a lot of time when writing letters.

The Bat! is distributed as shareware, and you can work with the full commercial version of the program for 30 days by downloading version 1.53d from: http://www.ritlabs.com/ru/the_bat/download.html, and then follow register your copy. Recommended prices for a single copy of the product: student - $15, individual - $20, commercial - $30.

T-FLEX CAD

Developer: Top Systems

T-FLEX CAD is one of the best Russian computer-aided design systems for the preparation of design and technological documentation. To create design products (drawings, models, documentation, etc.), Top Systems offers five systems that cover all levels of automation of design work: T-FLEX CAD LT (drawing automation), T-FLEX CAD 2D (design automation), T-FLEX CAD 3D SE (preparation of drawings from 3D models), T-FLEX CAD 3D (three-dimensional modeling), T-FLEX CAD Viewer ( free program for viewing and printing 2D T-FLEX CAD drawings).

The proposed systems allow a flexible approach to equipping workplaces to solve production problems, taking into account the specifics of work at each workplace and the financial capabilities of the enterprise. The possibility of stage-by-stage software and hardware equipment while maintaining the efficiency of already running programs makes the choice of T-FLEX very attractive. Comprehensive equipment with the proposed systems has the best “functionality/price” indicator.

Powerful parametric tools of the T-FLEX CAD 2D system, which serves for design automation, significantly increase designer productivity.

The economical T-FLEX CAD LT system differs from T-FLEX 2D only in the absence of parameterization tools. The system contains a set of functions sufficient to generate drawings of any complexity. Developed with the latest advances in CAD technology, sketching functions allow you to create non-parametric drawings quickly, easily and efficiently. All functions of drawing design, copying, import-export, working with texts, tables, libraries of texts and 2D elements are supported.

T-FLEX CAD 3D is the first and so far the only Russian system that uses the Parasolid geometric kernel from Unigraphics Solutions, which allows T-FLEX CAD 3D users to model three-dimensional parts and assembly structures of any complexity.

The T-FLEX CAD 3D SE system makes it possible to minimize the cost of preparing drawing documentation for three-dimensional models created in T-FLEX CAD 3D or imported from other systems.

The free T-FLEX CAD Viewer program is designed for viewing and printing two-dimensional drawings made in the T-FLEX CAD system. Users of the T-FLEX CAD system can transfer the design and technological documentation they develop in electronic form to partners working with other programs. T-FLEX CAD Viewer can also be used in technical document management systems to view T-FLEX CAD drawings.

Main features of T-FLEX CAD systems:

Friendly parameterization tools are the basis of advanced T-FLEX CAD technologies. Unlike similar CAD systems, creating parametric models in T-FLEX CAD does not require programming skills, since the designer deals with ordinary variables and functions. T-FLEX CAD's parametric relationships make it easy and natural to animate a design, providing the ability to view the movement of the design created by the designer and kinematic analysis;
optimization is one of the designer’s powerful tools, allowing you to select the best product parameters without manually adjusting the geometry. Thanks to the model optimization module, in T-FLEX CAD it is much easier to determine the parameters of bodies of a given volume, mass-inertial characteristics, equilibrium, balancing, etc.;
User dialogue is a new functionality offered today only by T-FLEX. The dialogue organizes a visual representation of the changeable parameters of a unified part of the enterprise. This makes it easier for any designer to use a parametric design and makes it possible to compactly display the parameters used. Dialogs are convenient for offering products on the Internet, since it is possible to display not only changeable variables that a potential customer can “play with,” but also information from the developer;
assembly models are the key to global design automation. Distinctive feature T-FLEX CAD is the creation of parametric assembly drawings, which can be created both from an individual part to an assembly, and from an assembly to each part, or complexly. Using parametric drawings of individual parts created in T-FLEX CAD 2D, you can connect them into assembly drawings. Changing the parameters of an assembly drawing leads to changes in all its components.
Prices: T-FLEX CAD LT - $499, T-FLEX CAD 2D - $949, ​​T-FLEX CAD 3D SE - $1495, T-FLEX CAD 3D - $2895.

WinRAR

Developer: Evgeniy Roshal

WinRAR is a 32-bit version of the RAR archiver for Windows, a powerful tool for creating and managing archives. There are several versions of RAR for different operating systems, such as DOS, OS/2, Windows (32-bit), UNIX (Linux, BSD, SCO, Sparc and HP-UX) and Be OS.

There are two versions of RAR for Windows: version with graphical interface user (GUI) - WinRAR.exe and the console version of Rar.exe, running from command line in text mode.

WinRAR provides full support for RAR and ZIP archives, implements an original highly efficient data compression algorithm and a special multimedia compression algorithm. User-friendly interface supports drag-and-drop technology).

The program includes:

presence of a command line interface;
management of archives of other formats (CAB, ARJ, LZH, TAR, GZ, ACE, UUE);
support for continuous (solid) archives, in which the compression ratio can be 10-50% greater than with conventional compression methods, especially when packing a significant number of small similar files;
support for multi-volume archives;
creating self-extracting (SFX) regular and multi-volume archives using standard or additional modules SFX;
recovery of physically damaged archives.
There are others additional functions, such as encryption, adding archive comments (with support for ANSI ESC sequences), error logging, etc.

In September of this year, the next version of WinRAR 2.90 appeared.

Prices: single user license - $35, 5 users - $120.

Compass 3D

Developer: ASCON
Developer's website: http://kompas.ru

The KOMPAS-3D system allows you to implement the classic process of three-dimensional parametric design - from an idea to an associative three-dimensional model, from a model to design documentation.

A key feature of KOMPAS-3D is the use of its own mathematical core and parametric technologies developed by ASCON specialists.

The main components of KOMPAS-3D are a three-dimensional solid modeling system, a universal computer-aided design system KOMPAS-Graph and a specifications design module. All of them are easy to learn, have a Russian-language interface and a help system.

The basic capabilities of the system include functionality that allows you to design a product of any degree of complexity in 3D, and then issue a set of documentation for this product necessary for its manufacture in accordance with current standards (GOST, STP, etc.).

The basic functionality of the product is easily expanded through various applications that complement the functionality of KOMPAS-3D with effective tools for solving specialized engineering problems. The modularity of the system allows the user to determine the set of applications he needs, which provide only the required functionality.

Main features of KOMPAS-3D

• Creation of three-dimensional associative models of individual parts (including parts formed from sheet material by bending it) and assembly units containing both original and standardized structural elements.
• Associative views of three-dimensional models are automatically generated: sections, sections, local sections, local views, arrow views, views with a break. Changes in the model lead to changes in the image in the drawing.
• Standard views are automatically built in a projection relationship. The data in the title block of the drawing (designation, name, weight) is synchronized with the data from the three-dimensional model.
• Connection of three-dimensional models and drawings with specifications; during design, the specification can be obtained automatically. Changes to the drawing or model will be transferred to the specification, and vice versa.
• Parametric technology for obtaining a model of standard products based on a previously designed prototype.

Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius 2001

Developer: Cyril and Methodius

BEKM’2001 is the fifth edition of the popular Russian encyclopedia, the content of which has been constantly expanded and updated over the course of five years. Each a new version This universal program contains numerous changes and additions that allow it to be always up-to-date and reliable. Now the volume of textual information included in the “Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius 2001” is 68 book volumes (regular format, 600 pages each).

BEKM’2001 contains:

• 82 thousand encyclopedic articles;
• 17,400 illustrations;
• 640 audio fragments (7 hours of sound);
• 420 video fragments (5 hours of video);
• geographical atlas of the world;
• statistical data on countries of the world;
• texts of laws of the Russian Federation;
• "Chronicle of Humanity" (four scales);
• animated maps;
• "Age of Dinosaurs";
• “Earth Ecosystems” (22 multimedia panoramas);
• “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” by S.I. Ozhegov and N.Yu. Shvedova;
• “Explanatory Dictionary of Foreign Words” by L.P. Krysin.

BEKM is an extensive source of information in all areas of knowledge: a gigantic volume of data, a meticulously developed encyclopedia structure, a wide range of applications and a unique search system allow us to talk about the most effective use of the encyclopedia in any area of ​​human activity. Legal users of previous editions of BEKM will be able to exchange their discs for BEKM’2001 for $22. BEKM’2001 is distributed in two versions: 8 CDs and DVD.

Price $45

Descartes 2.9

Developer: Arsenal

"Descartes 2.9" is a personal finance management system that takes into account all income and expenses (cash, transactions with plastic cards, bank account transactions) and gives a complete picture of your financial situation. The program is not difficult to master and serves as an indispensable tool for managing a personal or family budget.

Program functionality:

• multi-currency accounts - accounts can be maintained in any currency, and a directory of exchange rates is maintained for each currency;
• classification, periodization and detailing of transactions - the ability to set your own categories of financial transactions, purposes, recipients and transaction labels;
• automatic entry of repeating operations at a specified frequency or within a specified period of time;
• debts and loans - the ability to track transactions to repay debts, receive or issue loans with automatic accounting of interest on these transactions;
• text and graphic reports - Descartes generates a variety of reports in text or graphical form: general balance sheet, dynamics of expenses and income for the period, structure of expenses and income for the period, account statement, breakdown by two arbitrary classifications, date or amount. Generated reports can be printed in text or graphic form and exported to common Microsoft Word and Excel applications;
• ability to work with multiple databases - this opportunity included in the system at the request of users using this program for business purposes. This is convenient, in particular, for employees of a small enterprise working on a single computer;
• working with external modules - the “Export” and “Import” items of the “Document” menu are used to exchange data between this and other programs.

A demo version of the product can be downloaded at http://www.ars.ru/products/download.asp?prod=35.

Price: $40

Document management system "Euphrates Office"

Developer: Cognitive Technologies:

The Euphrates system is a tool for organizing documents, successfully solving problems associated with organizing documentation support for management. Based on the client-server technology, Euphrates solves the problems of an organization's document flow.

The system provides new opportunities for comprehensive automation of office work, including registration, execution control, transfer, search and creation of an electronic archive of documents received from a variety of sources.

Main features of Euphrates Office:

• automatic document entry (including OCR);
• registration (automatic full-text indexing of text documents for all words of the text, taking into account Russian morphology; requisite registration of any electronic and paper documents according to any set of details, etc.);
  viewing;
• search (full-text and detailed search of documents on request of any complexity using logical operations“AND”, “OR”, “NOT”;
• contextual search);
• export;
• seal;
• creation of electronic archives;
• control and executive discipline;
• creating reports.

It is possible to install the Euphrates Document Server module, which ensures the collaboration of users with a single database.

Price: $199 including VAT.

IL-2. Stormtrooper

Developer: 1C: Maddox Games
Publisher: "1C"

Simulator of the legendary “flying tank” from the Great Patriotic War. The level of detail of the vehicle models is recognized as superior to most existing games from the leaders of the Western market. The quality of ground vehicle models is not inferior to the quality of tank simulator models, not to mention flight simulators. This is one of the most high-tech and historically accurate flight simulators in the history of the simulation genre. "IL-2. Stormtrooper" tells the story of the most large-scale battles that took place on the fronts in the period from 1941 to 1945. The game simulates 77 types of aircraft (of which you can fly 31), 86 types of tanks, armored vehicles and cars (both Soviet, American and German), several types of locomotives, platforms with tanks, cars and anti-aircraft guns, passenger and freight cars , Soviet and German howitzers, warships and even submarines!

The game also has a unique mission editor built into it, with which you can create anything you want. You will not be able to change the map itself, but there are practically no restrictions on the placement of objects. All types of aircraft and ground vehicles are available in the editor, each unit can be assigned a route and goals - in general, the scale of the mission depends only on the power of your computer. Especially for those who do not like simulators because of their realism, various difficulty settings are provided.

Price - about 2.8 dollars.

Consultant Plus

Developer: ConsultantPlus

The ConsultantPlus family of legal reference systems includes 18 main software products: databases on federal and regional legislation, international law, judicial practice, databases of consultations on accounting and taxation. Users of the ConsultantPlus systems have access to legal acts of the Soviet period, as well as forms of business documentation.

ConsultantPlus systems are used in practice by managers, accountants, lawyers and other specialists whose work is related to the application and analysis of legislation. Users include large, medium and small enterprises of all forms of ownership and various areas of activity.

All systems are developed in a single software technology and are equipped with the necessary functions for searching for information and working with it. Documents in the database can be found by details (adopting authority, date or time range of adoption, type of document, number), and by subject, and by any words or phrases from the text or title. The texts of the documents are provided with hyperlinks to related (amending, supplementing, etc.) legal acts. The user can print documents from the system, write them to a file, and export them to MS Word for further work.

The ConsultantPlus software shell has been certified by Microsoft for compatibility with Windows operating systems and received the Microsoft logo “Certified for Microsoft Windows- Windows 2000 Professional."

The ConsultantPlus system includes regular information updates. The information update standard is daily via telecommunications networks or weekly via courier delivery. The supply of systems, as well as service maintenance, is carried out by 300 regional service centers“ConsultantPlus” network in 150 cities of Russia. Maintenance includes updating information in the system on the user’s computer, free education work with the system (with the issuance of a personal certificate), free replacement software versions for new ones, consultations on the operation of systems and technical support.

The cost of supplying a specific system depends on the amount of data included.

As an example, we can cite the cost of supplying and updating the two most common systems: the system under federal legislation ConsultantPlus: VersionProf and systems for information and legal support for accounting departments ConsultantAccountant: VersionProf. Installation of the ConsultantPlus:VersionProf system (34,000 documents, up to 400 new per month) costs 23,802 rubles, updating information - 1,794 rubles. Delivery of the ConsultantAccountant:VersionProf system (11,400 regulatory documents and 31,600 consulting materials, up to 110 new documents and up to 700 consulting materials per month) costs 10,300 rubles. 80 kopecks, updating information - 1,120 rubles. 80 kop. (All data and prices are as of November 2001).

Lexicon 5.1

Developer: Arsenal

"Lexicon 5.1" is a full-featured word processor for Windows 98/Me/NT/2000, developed taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian language, the specifics of document preparation and office work. The program contains a rich set of functions (it makes it possible not only to type text information, but also to design it in almost any way, has a convenient and practical interface with flexible configuration tools.

In addition to all the traditional functions of working with text, Lexicon 5.1 has a unique document management system “Archive” - these are document catalogs, systematized according to various criteria, regardless of the direct placement of files with these documents. This version introduces for the first time a powerful navigation tool that allows the user to see condensed content of all open documents. The program also has a document comparison function with the ability to edit the compared text.

"Lexicon 5.1" is equipped new system search and correct spelling errors, automatically checking mixed texts in Russian and English languages V background. It is also possible to instantly correct Russian text accidentally typed in the English keyboard mode, and vice versa.

Another important feature of Lexicon 5.1 is its versatility. The editor supports file formats MS Word 6-8, RTF, TXT, HTML, DOS versions of the Lexicon. In addition, the program is fully compatible with the Lotus Notes document management system and can be used with it as the main text editor.

A demo version of the product can be downloaded at: http://www.ars.ru/products/download.asp?prod=173.

Database management system LINTER

Linter is an open relational DBMS with a client-server architecture that uses a language to access data SQL queries. Linter implements the international standard ANSI/ISO SQL 92, support of which ensures compatibility with other systems.

The presence of an ODBC 3.x driver allows users to receive data from LINTER by accessing the database of today's most popular applications (Word, Excel, Access). Developers can create various application programs using application development tools such as Delphi, Visual Basic, Power Builder, C/C++, etc.

A JDBC interface has been created for customers who plan to make applications that use the Internet. JDBC LINTER (JDBC 1.2 specification) allows you to write applications in Java and provides access to the database via the Internet.

Linter runs on various operating systems: MS Windows NT/2000; 3.xx/95/98, Linux, FreeBSD, UnixWare, QNX, UNIX System V, SINIX, Sun Solaris, Digital UNIX, USIX, OS/9000, OS/9, QNX, VAX/VMS, OpenVMS, VX Works, HP -UX, Novell NetWare, MS-DOS, OS/2.

LINTER can work both on one computer and on a network - local or global, supporting network protocols: IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, NetBIOS and DECNet.

An important task is data protection and access restriction. In order to prevent leakage of confidential information, LINTER has a powerful security system. At the moment, LINTER is the only DBMS that has received a certificate from the State Technical Commission under the President of the Russian Federation for compliance with the 2nd class of protection against unauthorized access according to SVT.

The basis for the reliability of DBMS Linter's work with data is the system log, or transaction log, which displays all changes made to the data by all users of the system. LINTER implements four transaction modes: Optimistic, Pessimistic, Autocommit, Read-only. Data safety from equipment failures is ensured by an archiving and recovery program, and increased reliability information system- due to hot backup.

LINTER is a real-time system, so it is used in queuing systems where prompt processing of events from the outside world is required and where waiting for a transaction to complete is unacceptable for a long time when the necessary data is at the disposal of another user.

The ability to quickly full-text and XML search in large volumes of information allows you to use the system as a search engine when creating Web servers.

LINTER is constantly being improved and developed. The development team is constantly implementing new and new functions, some of which are unique to this DBMS.

ORFO

Developer: Informatik

The popular domestic development "ORFO 2002" is a package that checks spelling in six languages: Russian, English, German, French, Spanish and Ukrainian. All languages ​​have a convenient tool for adding new words with all their forms. In addition to Microsoft products, ORFO connects to PageMaker, WordPerfect, WordPro and QuarkXPress, and the same user dictionary is used everywhere. If, for example, you prepare texts in MS Word and then transfer them for layout to PageMaker, then all new words added to the dictionary will automatically go to PageMaker.

For users working in other applications (Notepad, Navigator, Eudora Light, Exchange, etc.) or even in their own windows, checking is provided using hot keys using ORFO Agent, as well as the Standalone Speller mini-editor with built-in checking the spelling of typed text or Clipboard content.

For some languages, you can additionally order specialized dictionaries in areas of knowledge such as business, technology, medicine, etc.

The Russian grammar module, unlike MS Word, checks several more difficult cases where errors are common. The Russian module "ORFO" additionally includes: an explanatory dictionary and a grammar reference book, compiling an abstract and a list keywords, search and replacement of words in all forms, detailed help system, macro command for arranging all possible hyphens, etc.

The fact that ORFO is used to check spelling in MS Office makes it one of the most common domestic programs.

Prices: “ORFO 2002” basic - $8, “ORFO 2002” professional - $99.

Well, of course, there is software that is developed exclusively for military purposes.

What conclusion can we draw from the above? That the transition to something remotely Russian is not yet possible for us. All software, except military software, was developed for the Windows and Mac OS X operating systems, and was developed for commercial purposes. Therefore, many software products are popular in the foreign market.

If we had hoped for Russian computer developments, we would still be sitting behind the sail and Spectrum, downloading programs from reels and cassettes. This is what we advise officials to switch to, there is a huge advantage in this - the system is absolutely safe!