Virtual machine for windows 10 64. Creating a virtual machine

If you have Windows 10 Pro or Enterprise installed on your computer, you may not be aware that the operating system has built-in support for Hyper-V virtual machines. Those. everything you need to install Windows (and more) in a virtual machine is already on your computer. If you have a home edition of Windows, you can .

The average user may not know what a virtual machine is and why it can be useful, I will try to explain it. A “virtual machine” is a kind of software-based separate computer, or even more simply, Windows, Linux or another OS running in a window, with its own virtual hard disk, system files and so on.

How to do it:

  1. In Hyper-V Manager, select the second item (your computer name) from the list on the left.
  2. Right-click on it (or the “Action” menu item) - Virtual Switch Manager.
  3. In the Virtual Switch Manager, select “Create a virtual network switch, “External” (if you need Internet) and click the “Create” button.
  4. In the next window, in most cases, you don’t need to change anything (if you are not a specialist), except that you can set your own network name and, if you have both a Wi-Fi adapter and a network card, select that one in the “External network” item and network adapters, which is used to access the Internet.
  5. Click OK and wait until the virtual one is created and configured network adapter. During this time, the Internet connection may be lost.

Done, you can proceed to creation virtual machine And Windows installations into it (you can also install Linux, but according to my observations, its performance in Hyper-V leaves much to be desired, I recommend Virtual Box for these purposes).

Creating a Hyper-V virtual machine

Just as in the previous step, right-click on the name of your computer in the list on the left or click the “Action” menu item, select “Create” - “Virtual Machine”.

At the first stage, you will need to specify the name of the future virtual machine (at your discretion); you can also specify your own location of the virtual machine files on your computer instead of the default one.

The next step allows you to select the generation of the virtual machine (appeared in Windows 10, this step was not present in 8.1). Please read the descriptions of the two options carefully. Generation 2 is essentially a UEFI virtual machine. If you plan to experiment a lot with booting a virtual machine from different images and installing different operating systems, I recommend leaving the 1st generation (2nd generation virtual machines do not boot from all boot images, only UEFI).

Third step - selection random access memory for a virtual machine. Use the size required for the OS you plan to install, or better yet, even more, taking into account that this memory will not be available in your main OS while the virtual machine is running. I usually uncheck the “Use dynamic memory” checkbox (I like predictability).

Virtual HDD connected or created in the next step. Specify the desired location on the disk, the name of the virtual file hard drive, and also set a size that will be sufficient for your purposes.

After clicking “Next” you can set the installation options. For example, by selecting the “Install operating system from a bootable CD or DVD” option, you can specify the physical disk in the drive or the ISO image file with the distribution. In this case, when you turn it on for the first time, the virtual machine will boot from this drive and you can immediately install the system. You can also do this later.

That's all: you will be shown a summary of the virtual machine, and when you click the “Finish” button, it will be created and appear in the list of virtual machines in the Hyper-V manager.

Starting a virtual machine

In order to start the created virtual machine, you can simply double-click on it in the Hyper-V manager list, and in the virtual machine connection window, click the “Enable” button.

If, when you created it, you specified an ISO image or disk from which to boot, this will happen the first time you launch it, and you will be able to install an OS, for example, Windows 7, in the same way as installing on regular computer. If you did not specify an image, you can do this in the “Media” menu item for connecting to the virtual machine.

Typically, after installation, the virtual machine will automatically boot from the virtual hard disk. But, if this does not happen, you can adjust the boot order by right-clicking on the virtual machine in the Hyper-V manager list, selecting “Options” and then “BIOS” settings.

Also in the settings you can change the size of RAM, the number of virtual processors, add a new virtual hard disk and change other parameters of the virtual machine.

Finally

Of course, this instruction is only a superficial description of creating Hyper-V virtual machines in Windows 10; all the nuances cannot be covered here. Additionally, you should pay attention to the possibilities of creating checkpoints, connecting physical drives to the OS installed in a virtual machine, advanced settings, etc.

But I think it’s quite suitable as a first introduction for a novice user. You can figure out many things in Hyper-V yourself if you wish. Fortunately, everything is in Russian, explained quite well, and if necessary, can be searched on the Internet. And if you suddenly have questions during the experiments, ask them, I will be happy to answer.

VirtualBox is a program that can create for you a virtual machine that has the parameters of a real computer. Moreover, on the created machine it will even be possible to run any operating system.

You can download Oracle VM VirtualBox to a computer that runs on other than Windows OS. The utility supports Linux, Solaris, Mac OS X. Thus, using the software, you can run a virtual machine running Linux or even Windows on a computer running Mac OS.

Functional

The Oracle VM VirtualBox utility is capable of:

  • support guest systems on 64-bit and 32-bit systems,
  • support hardware 3D acceleration, audio device virtualization,
  • support file exchange between the guest system and the host system.

Since the basic version of the Oracle VM VirtualBox program is distributed under the GNU GPL license, there are no restrictions on its use, which means that it can be installed both at home and on devices owned by the enterprise.

Separately, it is worth noting the cross-platform nature of this software, as well as the fact that it is capable of creating 64-bit guest systems even when running on 32-bit host systems.

Interface

If you have already downloaded Oracle VM VirtualBox in Russian for free, then install it and run the program. Next, you will need to press Ctrl+N simultaneously. This will give you access to the Create option. Or you can click on the “Machine” menu item and select “Create” there.

You will need to come up with a name for the machine and select the operating system type and version for it.

Specify the amount of RAM that will be available for use in this guest system. If you do not enter a value here, the program will install it for you. As a rule, it takes one third of the amount of RAM that is available on your PC. However, you can specify your own parameters. However, try not to go beyond the green field. Since if you move the slider responsible for these parameters outside of this sector, then you may have problems with the operation of the system.

When this stage is passed, you will need to create virtual disk. Here you will have to decide how much space you need for this, and indicate the desired value in the appropriate field. Now all that remains is to click on “Launch”.

But in order to specify the bootable CD image, you need to click on Devices - Optical Drives - Choose a virtual optical drive file.

You will see a window where you will need to find the path to the file with the CD image on which the OS you need is loaded. Next, click on “Open”. And thus the installation of the virtual operating system will end.

If you downloaded Oracle VM VirtualBox for Windows 10, 8, 7 on 32 bit and 64 bit from among the new versions, you will see that they have a number of significant additions. For example, you can now export virtual machines to Oracle Cloud. The graphic selector has also been redesigned and audio support for video recording has been suppressed. True, this possibility is still experimental.

It is noteworthy that all machines created in this way are highly productive.

System requirements

Supported systems:

  • Windows: Vista SP1 and higher (32-bit and 64-bit), Server 2008 (64-bit), Server 2008 R2 (64-bit), 7 (32-bit and 64-bit), 8 (32-bit and 64-bit), 8.1 (32-bit and 64-bit), 10 RTM build 10240 (32-bit and 64-bit), Server 2012 (64-bit), Server 2012 R2 (64-bit).
  • Mac OS X hosts (64-bit): 10.9 (Mavericks), 10.10 (Yosemite), 10.11 (El Capitan)
  • Linux hosts (32-bit and 64-bit): Ubuntu 12.04 LTS - 16.10, Debian GNU/Linux 7 (“Wheezy”), 8 (“Jessie”) and 9 (“Stretch”), Oracle Enterprise Linux 5, Oracle Linux 6 and 7, Redhat Enterprise Linux 5, 6 and 7, Fedora Core / Fedora 6 to 24, Gentoo Linux, openSUSE 11.4 - 13.2
  • VMware Workstation is a program that allows you to create virtual machines on a host system. In this case, the number of guest programs can be unlimited. It all depends on the capabilities of the host system itself. Guest OSes installed on a computer operate in a virtual environment without affecting the real system. This way, you can check suspicious software without fear that it will harm your native OS.
  • Virtual PC. A virtualization software package for the Windows operating system, as well as an emulation program for Mac OS.
  • VMware Workstation. Virtualization software designed for computers with x86-64 operating systems Microsoft Windows and Linux.
  • Hypervisor. A program or hardware circuit that enables or enables the simultaneous, parallel execution of multiple operating systems on the same host computer.
  • QEMU. Free and open source emulation software hardware various platforms. Includes emulation Intel processors x86 and I/O devices.

Conclusion

There are many reasons why users might want a virtual system installed on their computer's OS. Unfortunately, there are not many worthy software that allow you to realize what you want.

However, Oracle VM VirtualBox stands out noticeably against their background. Moreover, you can download Virtual Box in Russian. After all this version will allow you to quickly understand the features of the program. You can download Oracle VM VirtualBox from our website.

Among the top three leaders in the software market for virtualization of operating systems – VMware, VirtualBox and Hyper-V – the latter hypervisor occupies a special place. This special place is due to the fact that Hyper-V is a standard component of Windows server systems and some versions of Windows for desktop PCs. While inferior to VMware Workstation and VirtualBox in functionality, cross-platform, and partly in ease of use, Hyper-V, however, is not without its advantages. And the most important of them is more high performance guest OS.

Below we will talk about activating Hyper-V in Windows 10 and creating a virtual machine using this hypervisor.

1. Hyper-V - standard hypervisor from Microsoft

The Windows 10 system inherited the standard Hyper-V component from versions of Windows 8 and 8.1, and in them the hypervisor migrated from Windows Server. Both Windows 8.1 and Windows 10 include optional Hyper-V in the Pro and Enterprise editions. The hypervisor can only work on 64-bit systems.

For a long time, Hyper-V did not support any guest operating systems other than Windows. However, relatively recently, Microsoft took care of hypervisor support for Linux guest OS. And today, using Hyper-V, you can test some Linux distributions, in particular, the popular Ubuntu.

2. Requirements for running Hyper-V

The minimum amount of RAM on a physical computer to run Hyper-V is 4 GB.

The computer processor must support SLAT technology (Intel EPT or AMD RVI). Almost everything modern processors meet this requirement.

Another processor requirement also provided by many modern models– support for hardware virtualization technology and, accordingly, its active state in the BIOS. IN Motherboard BIOS boards for Intel processors, this technology (depending on the version) can be called differently - Intel-VT, Intel Virtualization Technology, Intel VT-x, Vanderpool or Virtualization Extensions. AMD's hardware virtualization technology is called AMD-V or SVM (Secure Virtual Machines). For example, in AMI BIOS version 17.9, the AMD processor hardware virtualization function can be found under the path Cell Menu – CPU Feature – SVM Support.

U AMD processors The hardware virtualization feature is usually enabled by default. Does it support specific model processor hardware virtualization, this point can be found out on the websites Intel companies and AMD.

3. Activation and launch of Hyper-V

Hyper-V is optional with Windows 10 Pro and Enterprise. Initially, the standard hypervisor is disabled. It is turned on in the “Programs and Features” section of the control panel. Most quick way to get there is an internal search.

Run “Turn system components on or off.”

In the small window that appears, check all the sub-items of the Hyper-V item. Click "Ok".

The system will apply the changes for a couple of seconds and ask to reboot. After the reboot, look for the shortcut to launch the Hyper-V Manager. You can immediately pin the Hyper-V Manager shortcut to the initial Windows screen 10 by finding it in the Start Menu Administrative Tools.

The Hyper-V Manager shortcut can also be accessed using an in-system search.

Launch Hyper-V Manager.

4. Setting up network access

In Hyper-V Manager, the network is configured in a separate step, and first you need to create a virtual switch - the parameter that provides access to the network. Click on the name of the physical computer, and on the right side of the window select “Virtual Switch Manager...”.

The virtual switch creation wizard will launch, where the first thing you need to do is select the network type. There are three of them:

  • External – this type uses network card or wifi adapter physical computer and connects the virtual machine to the same network as the physical computer. Accordingly, this is a type of network that allows a virtual machine to access the Internet;
  • Internal - this type provides a network between the physical computer and virtual machines Hyper-V, but does not provide their access to the Internet;
  • Private – this type allows you to create a network between virtual Hyper-V machines, but there will be no physical computer on this network, nor will there be access to the Internet.

In our case, virtual machine access to the Internet is necessary, so we will choose the first type - an external network. Click “Create a virtual switch.”

In the properties window of the virtual switch, give it a name; it can be any name, for example, “Network card 1”. If necessary, you can add a note to the virtual switch. If the physical computer has both a network card and a Wi-Fi adapter on board, specific device, through which the virtual machine will connect to the network, can be selected from the drop-down list in the “Connection type” column. After making the settings, click “Apply” at the bottom of the window.

5. Create a virtual machine

Now you can proceed directly to creating a virtual machine. On the left side of the Hyper-V window, the selection should still be on the name of the physical computer. In the top right corner, click “Create”, then click “Virtual Machine”.

In the welcome window of the launched wizard, click “Next”.

Give the virtual machine a name; You can also change its location on the disk of a physical computer by specifying the desired disk partition and the desired folder using the browse button. Click “Next”.

One of the relatively new features of Hyper-V is the choice of virtual machine generation. In our case, generation 2 was selected.

What does it mean? Generation 1 are virtual machines that support 32- and 64-bit Windows systems. Generation 1 compatible with previous versions Hyper-V.

Generation 2 – virtual machines of a new format with built-in software UEFI based. Such virtual machines support a number of new features and can provide a small performance increase. On generation 2 virtual machines only 64-bit OSes are installed as guest OSes Windows versions 8.1 and 10, as well as server Windows Server 2012, Server 2012 R2 and Server 2016.

The UEFI platform imposes another requirement for the use of generation 2 virtual machines - bootable media UEFI. This point needs to be clarified by downloading an ISO image with a Windows distribution from third-party sources on the Internet. But it’s still better to download Windows distributions from official Microsoft sources. Thus, the Media Creation Tool utility, which downloads Windows 8.1 and distribution kits from the Microsoft website, creates as output Bootable ISO image, supporting the UEFI environment.

If you install Windows 10 as a guest OS, this is the recommended method for obtaining an ISO image of the system. Windows 10 includes a lazy-input installation process. In our case, Windows 8.1 will be installed as the guest OS, and its official distribution, obtained using the Media Creation Tool utility, requires entering the product key during the installation process. Provide support for the UEFI environment and take advantage of free opportunity test Windows system 8.1 will help the TechNet Trial Software Center website. On this site you can download the English edition of 64-bit Windows 8.1 Enterprise and test the system for free for 3 months. The problem with the lack of support for the Russian language after installing the system can be solved separately by installing a language pack and setting Russian as the main language of the system.

We return to the virtual machine creation wizard. In the memory allocation window, leave the preset parameters if the physical computer has no more than 4 GB of RAM. If it is more than 4 GB, you can increase the amount allocated when starting the virtual machine. For guest Windows XP, the RAM indicator can, on the contrary, be reduced to 512 MB. Click “Next”.

In the network settings window, select the previously created virtual switch from the drop-down list. Click “Next”.

In the virtual hard disk connection window, give the virtual machine a name, indicate the location on the physical computer’s disk, and indicate the size. These are the options for creating a new hard drive. The second point of this wizard step is used when the computer already has a virtual hard disk, in particular, with a guest OS installed. If you select a Generation 2 virtual machine, the virtual hard disk file must be in VHDX (not VHD) format, and the guest OS must support the environment UEFI boot. Click “Next”.

If in the previous step of the wizard you selected the option to create a new virtual hard disk, the next step will be to specify the path to the Windows distribution. Generation 2 virtual machines no longer allow booting from a physical CD/DVD drive. The only sources for downloading the guest OS distribution can be the network and ISO image. In our case, this is an ISO image. Click “Next”.

The final stage of the wizard is to click “Finish”.

6. Connecting a virtual machine

Having created the virtual machine, return to the Hyper-V Manager window. Now you need to connect it. To do this, there is the “Connect” command, among other commands in the context menu called on the virtual machine. The “Connect” command is also present on the right side of the Hyper-V Manager window. To connect, you can also double-click with the left mouse button on the preview window of the selected virtual machine.

In the connection window that opens, click the green start button.

The normal Windows 8.1 installation process will follow, just as it would on a physical computer.

As soon as the installation files begin copying, you can close the virtual machine connection window and do other things.

Closing the connection window will free up some resources of the physical computer to perform other tasks, while the virtual machine will continue to work in background. Its performance will be displayed in Hyper-V Manager.

You can connect to the virtual machine as needed to perform actions in it.

That's it - Windows 8.1 is installed. You can turn off, pause, save a virtual machine, or reset its state using commands in the Hyper-V manager and buttons on the top panel of the connection window.

7. Boot priority

In order to avoid wasting time on the boot window from a CD/DVD when starting a virtual machine in the future, you need to open the settings window when it is turned off and remove the path to the ISO file with the distribution kit. This is done in the DVD drive tab of the virtual machine hardware settings.

Alternative option– raise the hard drive in boot priority above the DVD drive (but not above the “bootmgfw.efi” file). This is done in the “Firmware” tab of the hardware settings.

In both cases, the changes made are saved with the “Apply” button at the bottom.

8. Bypass Hyper-V connection window restrictions

The Hyper-V hypervisor focuses on the performance of virtual machines, not functionality. Unlike its competitors - VMware and VirtualBox - Hyper-V virtual machines do not work with connected flash drives, do not play sound, and interaction with a physical computer is carried out only by inserting text copied into the main OS inside the guest OS. This is the price of performance of Hyper-V virtual machines. But this is if you work with the usual Hyper-V connection window.

Full integration of a physical computer and a virtual machine can be achieved using the standard remote desktop connection utility.

This utility allows you to flexibly configure connection parameters, in particular, to make available within the virtual machine not only USB drives connected to the physical computer, but also individual hard drive partitions.

Connecting to a virtual machine in this way will provide audio playback and two-way file transfer in the guest OS.

Have a great day!

Good day, readers.

The latest versions of operating systems from Microsoft have extensive capabilities. And one of them is the virtualization system. Moreover, the latest OS build provides all the necessary tools for this. Later in the article I will tell you how to install a virtual machine on Windows 10. And as usual, there are several methods.

A virtual machine is an active area in a computer that has its own operating system, software, and even a hard drive. At the same time, it runs inside the already installed operating system in a separate window.

Such sections work with Windows XP and newer systems. They host any software with which you can do whatever you want. However, this will not affect the main OS in any way. Therefore, if desired or necessary, you can even specifically launch viruses, observe what is happening, and deal with them.
One of the main advantages is the ability to create a restore point that users can always return to at any time.

At first glance, such tools may seem unnecessary to ordinary users. But this is not true - customers thus have the opportunity to try out a new operating system, dubious programs or software that does not work on the existing version of the OS. Sometimes there is a need to use a server that can be created in the specified area.

Hyper-V( )

The tenth version of Windows x64 already has built-in tools that allow you to create the necessary component - Hyper-v. But by default they are disabled. This means they need to be launched:

Important! In some cases, the element may not be in the list. This means that users are using a 32-bit OS, have less than 4 GB of RAM, or the corresponding function is disabled in the BIOS.

After starting the system again, search for Hyper-V. Also, the corresponding item should appear in “ Start" In chapter " Administration Tools».

Settings( )

The first thing you need to do is configure the network so that the gateway to the Internet is open. To do this, we perform several movements:

After this, you can safely proceed to creating a machine and installing the operating system. At the same time, options for hosting Linux and Mac OS are provided, but for such purposes it is still better to use other means. One of these is Virtual Box x64 Oracle. Unfortunately, the solution is paid. Despite this, it has the widest functionality. A trial version is also provided.

Creation( )

Developing a new virtual area is not a difficult process. To do this, we perform a number of actions:

    Open the program.

    On the computer name, right-click, and then “ Create" Select " Virtual machine».

    Specify the name and location of the files. Otherwise, the last item will be used by default, which is not always good.

    Now we select the VM generation from two options. If you don't know what UEFI is and plan to do a lot of experimenting with software, it's better to go with the first one.

    Next, we allocate the amount of virtual memory for system operation. Calculate it taking into account the needs of the future OS. For example, with Windows 7 it is better to use at least 1 GB. But with XP, 512 MB will be enough. But it is also worth understanding in advance what resources will be needed for future programs. Therefore, make a small reserve.

    Important! At the time of starting the virtual machine, the RAM specified in this paragraph will not be available in the standard environment.

  1. Setting up the network. To do this, we specify the previously created adapter.

    Now let's move on to a separate hard drive. We indicate the required volume, location, name.

    Next, we set the operating system placement parameters. So, for example, by specifying “ Install from disk or USB drive", you can select a portable device or image *.iso, available on the hard drive. In this case, the entire process takes place almost automatically.

This can also be done later.

Overall, that's all. As a result, information about your virtual space will appear. After pressing " Ready", it will be created and appear in the list of virtual machines in Hyper-V.

VirtualBox is a program for complete OS virtualization. The program can be used to test various operating systems or applications that can be installed on them. After downloading VirtualBox, you will no longer be tormented by doubts “will this application work on my operating system?. Just install the required operating system and test the application.

VirtualBox is suitable for Windows 7, XP, 8, Vista.

Possibilities:

  • support for Windows, OpenBSD, Linux, DOS and Solaris;
  • multiple OS on one machine;
  • high performance characteristics;
  • support for massive loads (up to 32 processors);
  • OVF format support.

Principle of operation:

click "Create" and select boot disk. If you need more RAM or storage space, use the Settings icon. When all the settings are finished, click “Start” and your virtual machine will be launched. You can configure the amount of allocated RAM, the size of the hard disk, and also enable several VMs at the same time. While using the VM, you can always switch to the main system and back.

Pros:

  • wide range of supported guest operating systems;
  • high functionality and customizability of the OS;
  • free distribution;
  • up to 32 virtual machines.

Minuses:

  • Requires a large amount of system resources;
  • There may be a slight limitation in the functionality of the guest system.

VirtualBox is updated frequently and has an ever-growing list of features. Free and small in size installation file. Allows you to configure maximum guest OS parameters. But successful operation requires a large amount of system resources. The application is one of the most popular for creating VMs.