Hello admin, how to restore the Windows 10 bootloader? The operating system does not load at all on a new laptop with a UEFI BIOS.

How it all started. Updated on new one Windows laptop 8.1 to Windows 10, I used the new operating system for two months and everything was fine, but yesterday, when I shut down the computer, the system displayed the window “Updates are being installed. Do not turn off the computer...”, but I was very tired and just turned off the laptop using the Power button, then I went to bed, and this morning the laptop booted with the error - File:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD.

Booted the laptop from the installation Windows disk 10 and went to Advanced options, selected the “Startup Repair” tool, but it did not help, the error “Startup Repair could not restore the computer” came up. I looked for information on the Internet, everyone says restore the Windows 10 bootloader! Where is this bootloader even located and can I restore it myself? I would also like to know why this all happened.

Hello friends! Reasons why files Windows boot 10 can become inoperative quite a lot. This is work malware, errors file system, bad blocks on the hard drive, installation operating systems in the wrong sequence, that is, first , not the least in this list will be incorrect user actions when working at the computer - it is not recommended to interrupt the installation Windows updates. But what happened, happened and the question now is different - how will we restore the system bootloader.

Let's start the bootloader recovery process by first showing you where it is located.

If you read our article: -, then you know that Windows 10 boot files are located on a hidden encrypted (EFI) system partition formatted in the file system FAT32, size 200-300 MB.

Computer disk management

This partition does not have a letter and to view the files located on it you need to run the command line as an administrator and enter the commands:

diskpart

lis vol (we list all partitions on the hard drive).

sel vol 5 (using this command we select Volume 5, since it is hidden encrypted (EFI)system partition FAT32, size 260 MB).

assign (this command assigns a letter to the partition)

exit (exit diskpart)

Open Explorer and see that the hidden partition is assigned a letter(I:) .

You still won’t be able to enter it, but you can view the contents like this:

Launch the command line and enter the command:

dir I :\efi\microsoft\boot\(where I:, the letter assigned to the hidden partition),

folder contents open EFI\Microsoft\Boot, we see Windows 10 boot loader files in it, including file Boot Configuration Data (BCD). It is with this file that our reader has problems, judging by his error.

You can view Windows 10 bootloader files not only in the command line, but also using a file manager Total Commander. Launch it and open it Configuration-->Settings,

then in the window Panel Contents, tick the itemsShow hidden files And Show system files , click Apply and OK.

Select the drive letter of the hidden partition, in our case (I:) and you will see all the Windows 10 boot loader files in a graphical display.

You can even view the contents of the boot configuration data (BCD) file by simply entering bcdedit at a command prompt running as an administrator.

How to restore Windows 10 bootloader

Method No. 1

If you have a laptop with Windows 10, then we boot from . In the initial system installation window, press the keyboard shortcut “Shift+F10”,

A command prompt window opens.

Enter the commands:

diskpart

list vol (we list all existing hard disk partitions, m You can notice that the partition with the Windows 10 operating system is assigned the letter C:)

exit (exit diskpart)

bcdboot.exe C:\Windows (with this command we restore Windows 10 download store contents. Carefully! You may have a different letter instead of C:, see the letter of the partition with the operating system files).

• Note: Friends, it is with this command, using bcdboot utilities, Windows 10 installer creates the EFI\Microsoft\Boot folder during system installation, then copies boot files into it and creates a boot configuration (BCD).

Win 10 download files successfully restored!

In some cases, you may get an error when entering the last command, then you need to do it differently, just take and format the hidden encrypted (EFI) system partition, then use a certain command to write the Windows 10 boot files to it again, this is described in detail in method No. 2.

Method No. 2

Booting again from bootable flash drive Win 10, in the initial system installation window, press “Shift+F10”. On the command line enter:

diskpart

list vol (lists all available volumes)

sel vol 5 (select Volume 5 (FAT32 file system, size 260 MB) encrypted (EFI) system partition containing all Windows 10 boot loader files

format fs=FAT32 (we format the selected volume into the FAT32 file system)

exit (exit the command line).

We create new download files for Windows 10 using the command.

bcdboot.exe C:\Windows (Caution! You may have a different letter instead of C:, see the letter of the partition with the operating system files).

The download files have been successfully created!

Method No. 3
Friends, under certain circumstances, when you enter the last command bcdboot.exe C:\Windows, where (C:) is the partition with the Windows 10 operating system installed, you may receive the error “Failure to copy boot files”

Microsoft engineers have implemented a boot store, also known as Boot Configuration Data (BCD), and a boot menu in Windows. The first contains the bootloader identifiers of all operating systems available on the PC, and the second reads them and displays them as a list of operating systems available for launch. This makes life much easier for the user whose computer has several systems. He doesn't have to do anything fancy to switch between them. Just restart your computer and select the one you need from the list provided. Like other parts of the Windows OS, the boot menu is customizable. This guide lists the available ways to edit this section.

Note: Almost all actions described in this manual must be performed from under account with administrator rights. Otherwise, you must know the password for it.

Editing the Windows 10 boot menu in the bootloader window

The Windows 10 boot menu has a small settings section. It provides a minimal set of options - changing the value of the automatic startup timer of the main system, changing the default OS, as well as an additional section with system startup modes and the computer shutdown function.

Editing the Windows 10 boot menu in System Settings

In the additional system parameters, which can be accessed through the OS properties, there is a section. It contains a small list of functions for editing the boot menu, which is suitable for undemanding users. So with its help you can choose which operating system will boot by default, set the time for displaying the list installed systems or turn off the timeout altogether, and also activate the display of recovery options.

To get to this section, you need to do the following:

Editing the Windows 10 boot menu in System Configuration

If you need a little more customization options, you can try the utility system configuration. In addition to the mentioned settings, it offers the function of deleting boot records of operating systems, an option to display information about the OS, the ability to run Windows without a graphical shell, and select boot options safe mode and a few more minor functions.

You can edit the boot menu using System Configuration as follows:

How to Edit Windows 10 Boot Menu Using EasyBCD

EasyBCD - free utility, which provides a wide range of options for editing the boot menu. In comparison, all standard system tools (except the Command Line) look very primitive.

This compact program allows you to:

• Remove OS from the list of available ones for launching.
• Add new Windows entries(including outdated ones), Linux / BSD, Mac.
• Add entries for installing systems using ISO images or individual hard drive partitions.
• Rename operating system entries.
• Set the system to default.
• Change the position of entries in the list.
• Set boot menu language.
• Select the bootloader interface shell (Metro or earlier from Windows Vista / 7).
• Set the timeout duration.
• Back up and restore boot storage (BCD) settings.
• View BCD contents and boot menu.

The program's interface is completely localized into Russian, and it itself is quite easy to use and does not require any supernatural abilities from the user.

How to rename the system entry in the boot menu

How to move system entry to boot menu

How to choose the default boot system

How to change the boot menu display time

How to change the boot menu language

How to Edit Windows 10 Boot Menu Using Command Prompt

If you don't trust third party programs and try to use exclusively system tools, then you should try ways to edit the Windows 10 boot menu using the command line.

Create or restore a Windows Boot Store backup

Before performing all actions, create backup copy download storage so you can restore it if necessary. You can create a BCD backup as follows:

How to add a system entry to the boot menu

How to remove system entry from boot menu

How to change the order in which systems are displayed in the boot menu

To edit the position of entries in the loader, use the command bcdedit /displayorder (ID2) (ID1) (ID3). Instead of everyone ID specify the actual entry codes in the order in which you want to see them when the computer starts.

New operating room Windows system 10 is not without its flaws. The first of them is that, without the knowledge of users, Ten downloads and installs massive updates that not only take up free place on the hard drive, but they also take a long time to load. Therefore, without waiting for updates to download, users often turn off their PC. After turning it back on, it appears on the monitor screen blue screen death with a notification that the bootloader is damaged. What to do in this case, and how to restore the Windows 10 bootloader via the command line and other methods.

Causes of Windows 10 Bootloader Damage

If you are unable to boot into Windows 10, and a message appears on your monitor stating that the bootloader is damaged, there may be several reasons for this:

• Incorrect shutdown of the PC while downloading updates;
• Damage to the bootloader by viruses;
• Faulty HDD, presence of bad sectors;
• The presence of software that affects the system boot process.

In order to restore the Windows 10 bootloader, you should use some recommendations.

Recovering the bootloader using installation media

The very first and easiest way to restore the Windows 10 bootloader is to use an installation disk of the same version and bitness of the system that you have. To do this we do the following:

• We connect a flash drive or disk with installation files Windows 10
• Boot from the media and select “System Restore”.
• Next, the “Select Actions” window will appear. Among the selection of actions, click “Troubleshooting”.

• The “Advanced Options” window will immediately appear. Click "Startup Repair".

• Next, click on Windows icon 10, thus selecting the operating system to restore.
• System diagnostics and bootloader recovery will start.

Restoring the bootloader from the command line

If a PC running the Windows 10 operating system stops booting, a special command will help you restore the bootloader. Let's consider the process of using the console when restoring the bootloader.

• Boot again using the installation disk. Select “Diagnostics”, “Advanced options”, “Command line”.

• Enter the command diskpart.

• Enter list volume to view the list of volumes. Often, the bootloader size is 500 MB.

• Now, having determined what number the bootloader is, enter exit.

• Now, without closing the command line, enter exe D:\Windows, where D is the hidden bootloader section (more precisely, the operating system).

The second way to restore the Windows 10 bootloader is to use the diskpart command.

• Open the console in the same way as in the method above (via installation disk). Enter the command diskpart.
• Then enter select volume 1, where 1 is the number of the hidden partition (you may have a different number).

• Now you need to format the partition. Enter “format fs=FAT32”.

• After formatting you need to enter exit.
• Now enter exe D:\Windows.
• This command will create new download files rather than restore old ones.

Thus, using the command line, you can fix the corrupted bootloader problem.

For information on how to restore the Windows 10 bootloader, watch the video:

Hello blog visitors.

Sometimes users of computers with Microsoft operating systems encounter a situation where their device refuses to boot. At the same time, all sorts of errors appear on the monitor: “ OS wasn't found», « Insert boot disk" and others. This usually happens after installing a second OS on the device, changing hidden hard drive partitions, experimenting with EasyBCD. Most likely, this option will require restoring the Windows 10 bootloader. Later in the article I will tell you how this is done in various ways.

It’s worth saying right away that, in general, restoration actions for various modifications will be the same. Even regardless of whether it is used GPT disk or MBR, BIOS or a modern version is installed - UEFI.

It should be noted that the above errors do not always appear as a result of problems with the system bootloader. Sometimes the cause may well be a CD forgotten in the DVD drive, a connected USB flash drive, or an additional hard drive.

Automatic recovery( )

The developers of Windows 10 have provided a convenient function in their OS “ resuscitation" while loading. It is worth noting that this section works well. In most cases, this is enough to return the device to working condition. If after Windows installations XP, you decide to switch to latest version operating system and observe problems at startup, you need to perform several steps:

Afterwards the process can go in several ways. So, a message about the impossibility of recovery will appear before your eyes. Or we will see the desktop (of course, first in the BIOS you need to return the launch from the hard drive).

But sometimes this method does not solve the existing problem. In this case, we’ll try to carry out the procedure manually using the utilities built into Win. This usually works better.

In manual mode( )

For the procedure, we again need bootable portable memory - without the distribution kit we will not be able to accomplish our plans. If this is not the case, use another computer to create it. It is important that the system is of the same build and capacity.

In case it is used boot disk, select “ Diagnostics", Further " Add. options"and the necessary tool.

In any case, a black window will appear in which you need to specify three lines, and after each click “ Enter»:
diskpart
list volume
exit

After the second command, a list of all mounted volumes will appear. We remember the letter of the one on which the system files are located. The fact is that during recovery it may not be a partition at all WITH:\, but any other. So it is important to define it accurately.

Most often, only one operating system is used on a computer. There is only one section MBR or EFI. So to restore the bootloader after installing Windows 7 and then using the tenth version, just run the following command:

bcdboot c:\windows

Important! Instead of “c:\” you will most likely have to specify another letter.

Interesting to know! If the computer uses two operating systems at once, the above command is executed twice. The main thing is to indicate the path correctly. However, this move will not work for XP and Linux.

After this, a message will appear that everything necessary files created. Next, remove the flash drive or disk and restart the device. Let's try to boot in normal mode.

Important! In some cases normal startup Operations do not happen immediately. You must first check the hard drive. And only with the next reboot everything will return to its place. So, as you can see, without the command line you won’t be able to accomplish your plans.

Another manual method( )

If the methods described above did not help, return to the command line. It's worth noting that if you do this from safe mode, then the bootloader has nothing to do with it. You can simply restore as usual.

So, in the appropriate program we write:
diskpart
list volume

After that, we need to study the information received. If you are using a system with , the list should contain a hidden FAT32 partition, the size of which does not exceed 300 MB. In the case when on a computer MBR and BIOS, look for the section NTFS 500 MB or a little less.

In any case, users need to write down the partition number N and remember the letter where the system files are located.

Next, enter a number of commands and after each one, confirm your intentions by pressing “ Enter»:
select volume N
format fs=fat32(or ntfs - it all depends on the file system used)
assign letter=Q(this section is assigned a new letter " Q»)
bcdboot c:\Windows /s Q: /f all(assuming system data is on disk C:\)

After that, we close the environment and boot not from a portable device, but from a hard drive.

Recovery from third-party OS( )

In some cases, after Linux is installed on the computer as a second system, Win 10 stops starting. This is usually due to the corresponding sector being overwritten.

To restore the area we need after Linux, we do the following:

We insert a boot disk or flash drive (as you can see, we can’t do without this).

Select " System Restore" And " Diagnostics».

We are interested in " Extra options", and then " Command line».

A new window will open in which we indicate only two lines and after each click “ Enter»:

bootrec.exe /FixMbr

bootrec.exe /FixBoot

As a result, the functionality of the Microsoft operating system will be restored.

It's worth noting that this same method can be used when you need to locate a new bootloader in place of GRUB.

As always, you can watch a helpful video regarding this topic. It is described in detail here, and most importantly, it is shown how and what needs to be done.

I hope the above information will help you resolve issues on your device. Subscribe and tell your friends so you always know how to fix errors on your computer!

Since the time the beta version of Windows 10 appeared for testers, talk about the need to switch to it has not stopped. One thing is clear in this whole issue - the operating system is getting better at coping with problems in automatic mode. Namely, if for some reason your Windows 10 bootloader has crashed and the OS displays various error messages, first of all try the built-in recovery tool. Unlike previous Windows versions here the developers tried not only to create the appearance of standard environments working, but also met the inexperienced user halfway and restored windows boot loader 10 works unexpectedly in most cases. What should you do if these bootloader errors appear after electrical failures, unexpected shutdowns, or malware?

How to restore Windows 10 bootloader

We’ll talk about what to do if the built-in environment doesn’t help below, but now let’s use it. Before doing this, check whether you have recently installed conflicting hard drives, flash drives and other untested peripherals - these factors constantly cause problems with the correct operation of the bootloader. If not, follow us to bootloader recovery.

Restoring the Windows 10 bootloader using standard tools

In order to start recovery, we need to insert a boot disk with an operating system or install a flash drive with bootable way systems. After this, when the system starts to boot, we need to get into the Boot menu by pressing the key in time, usually Escape. But maybe F12.

After that, in the menu that opens, look for the boot priority item. The advantage of this method of entering the Boot menu is that after you do everything, you will not need to go into the Bios again and change the priority to the opposite. The method is valid for one download. Here is the media priority menu:

Now it has been revealed to us home screen download Windows, where we must click on the appropriate item:

Then, in the next window that opens, select Troubleshooting and in the next, Startup Repair. Choose which operating system you need to restore and go ahead!

Restoring Windows 10 bootloader via command line

To implement this method via the command line, you will need the same disk with an operating system or a flash drive with a boot image. Restoring Windows 10 boot from the command line is an effective way, which also allows you to practice working with the bowels of the operating system.

So, insert the disk into the drive or flash drive into the slot and press Escape or F12 at the right moment. We get to choosing a priority source. We select our CD drive or flash drive and get to the loading screen. All these steps are described above. Now, at the moment when we need to select a language, we need to hold down two keys at the same time - Shift and F10. This will take us to the command line:

We must remember that the Windows system accepts commands for execution, as in the Ecosystem Terminal Mac computers from Apple, only when you press Enter after entering the command. This must be done sequentially each time, entering three commands in turn: diskpart, list volume, exit. When this command is executed, we will see a list of volumes that are in this moment exist. Write down the name of that section on a piece of paper. hard drive, on which the operating system files are saved - this will not necessarily be volume C. It’s just that during the recovery procedure, the usual partition names are often replaced with others. That's why it's important.

Then we need to take into account whether we have one operating system installed or more. If there is one, everything is fine, because EFI or MBR partitions are present in this case. Now all that remains is to run the bcdboot c:\windows command and press the Enter key. Don’t forget - we indicate, if necessary, instead of C the letter that names the section we need. When everything happens, a message indicating the successful creation of files will appear:

Keep in mind: after the system reboots, the bootloader may spend a long time checking all your connected drives and may not boot the first time - this is normal. So don’t do a hard reset or anything else when you think something is going wrong.

Restoring the Windows 10 bootloader by changing the file system

It may well turn out that the methods described above did not help you, and you still get the message and the first method did not work, and when you try to call the thin editor Windows settings you receive a message . There is another method for you to restore the bootloader, which involves changing the file system of the hard drive partitions.

To implement it, it is necessary to perform absolutely all the same operations in the same sequence as above, until the moment when we enter the list volume command, but we will only write other commands there. Let's go in order now. If you need to restore the Windows 10 gpt bootloader or restore the uefi bootloader of Windows 10, then in the list of volumes you will see an invisible (pardon the tautology) volume based on the FAT32 system and about 200 megabytes in size. For BIOS and MBR, it will take up something like half a gigabyte, maybe a little less, running on an NTFS system. Now you need the serial number of this volume N. Do not forget, as in the previous method, about the importance of the letter of the partition with system files:

Here are the same commands that must be entered in order, pressing Enter after each of them:

format fs=fat32 or format fs=ntfs (here we change one to the other, depending on which one you had before the replacement).

assign letter=Z (we call this section Z).

exit (left Diskpart)

bcdboot C:\Windows /s Z: /f ALL (C: is the partition with system files, Z: is the letter with which we named that volume).

If there are two or more operating systems on the hard drive at the same time, you need to perform these manipulations in turn with each volume where system files from them are stored.

We hope these sequences helped you solve the problem of bootloader recovery and you have now become more experienced in working with volumes and have a better understanding of the structure of the operating system. Remember that there are no other available ways to fix the bootloader, and best program to restore the Windows 10 bootloader - this is your care when working with command line and the courage to act in it.