LED floodlights are a very popular thing today. But, like any electronics, spotlights break down relatively often.

Today's article will be devoted to repairing LED spotlights with your own hands.

All the theory on the design of LED spotlights and terminology, and here is practice for home craftsmen.

The spotlight is not on - where to start?

First of all, you need to make sure that 220 V power is supplied to the driver. This is Azy. Next, it remains to decide what is faulty - the LED driver or the LED matrix.

Checking the driver

Let me remind you that the word “driver” is a marketing ploy to designate a current source designed for a specific matrix with a certain current and power.

In order to test the driver without an LED (idle, without load), simply apply 220V to its input. The output should appear constant pressure, a value slightly greater than the upper limit indicated on the block.

For example, if the range of 28-38 V is indicated on the driver unit, then when it is turned on idle, the output voltage will be approximately 40V. This is explained by the principle of operation of the circuit - in order to maintain the current in a given range of ±5%, when the load resistance increases (idle = infinity), the voltage must also increase. Naturally, not to infinity, but to some upper limit.

However, this method of verification does not allow us to judge the serviceability of LED driver 100%

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The fact is that there are serviceable units that, when turned on idle, without load, either will not start at all, or will produce something unclear.

I suggest connecting a load resistor to the output of the LED driver to provide it desired mode work. How to choose a resistor - according to Uncle Ohm's law, looking at what is written on the driver.

LED – driver 20 W. Stable output current 600 mA, voltage 23-35 V.

For example, if Output 23-35 VDC 600 mA is written, then the resistor resistance will be from 23/0.6=38 Ohms to 35/0.6=58 Ohms. We choose from a range of resistances: 39, 43, 47, 51, 56 Ohms. The power must be appropriate. But if you take 5 W, then it will be enough for a few seconds to check.

Attention! The driver output, as a rule, is galvanically isolated from the 220V network. However, you should be careful - cheap circuits may not have a transformer!

If, when connecting the required resistor, the output voltage is within the specified limits, we conclude that the LED driver is working.

Checking the LED matrix

For testing, you can use a laboratory power supply. We supply a voltage that is obviously lower than the nominal voltage. We control the current. The LED matrix should light up.

What to do if the power of the LED module is unknown

There are situations when there is an LED chip, but its power, current and voltage are unknown. Accordingly, it is difficult to buy it, and if it is working, it is not clear how to choose an adapter.

This was a big problem for me until I figured it out. I share with you how appearance LED assembly determine its voltage, power and current.

For example, we have a spotlight with the following LED assembly:

9 diodes. 10 W, 300 mA. In fact - 9 W, but this is within the margin of error.

The problem is that the LED matrices of the floodlights use 1 W diodes. The current of such diodes is 300...330 mA. Naturally, all this is approximately, within the margin of error, but in practice it works accurately.

In this matrix, 9 diodes are connected in series, they have one current (300 mA), and a voltage of 3 Volts. As a result, the total voltage is 3x9 = 27 Volts. For such matrices, you need a driver with a current of 300 mA, a voltage of approximately 27V (usually from 20 to 36V). The power of one such diode, as I said, is about 9 W, but for marketing purposes this spotlight will have a power of 10 W.

The 10 W example is a bit atypical due to the special arrangement of the LEDs.

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Another example, more typical:

You already guessed it two horizontal rows of dots of 10 pieces each are LEDs. One strip is, offhand, 30 Volts, current 300 mA. Two strips connected in parallel - voltage 30 V, current twice as much, 600 mA.

A couple more examples:

Total - 50 W, current 300x5 = 1500 mA.

Total - 70 W, 300x7 = 2100 mA.

I think there is no point in continuing, everything is already clear.

The situation is slightly different with LED modules based on discrete diodes. According to my calculations, one diode there usually has a power of 0.5 W. Here is an example of a GT50390 matrix installed in a 50 W floodlight:

LED floodlight Navigator, 50 W. LED module GT50390 – 90 discrete diodes

If, according to my assumptions, the power of such diodes is 0.5 W, then the power of the entire module should be 45 W. Its circuit will be the same, 9 lines of 10 diodes each with a total voltage of about 30 V. The operating current of one diode is 150...170 mA, the total current of the module is 1350...1500.

Anyone who has other thoughts on this matter is welcome to comment!

LED spotlight driver repair

It’s better to start repairs by searching electrical diagram LED drivers.

As a rule, LED spotlight drivers are built on a specialized MT7930 chip. In the article about the Design of Spotlights, I gave a photo of a board (not waterproof) based on this microcircuit, once again:

LED floodlight Navigator, 50 W. Driver. GT503F board

Attention! Information on driver circuits and a little more on repairs!

LED replacement

There are no special tricks when replacing the LED matrix, but you need to pay attention to the following things.

• Carefully remove old heat-conducting paste,
• Apply thermal conductive paste to the new LED. It is best to do this with a plastic card,
• fix the diode evenly, without distortions,
• remove excess paste,
• do not confuse the polarity,
• Do not overheat when soldering.

When repairing an LED module consisting of discrete diodes, first of all you need to pay attention to the integrity of the soldering. And then check each diode by applying a voltage of 2.3 - 2.8 V to it.

Where to get spare parts for repairs

If you need quick repairs, then the best thing, of course, is to run to the store across the street.

But if you are engaged in repairs on an ongoing basis, then it is better to look where it is cheaper. I recommend doing this on the well-known AliExpress website.

I'll end here. I encourage my colleagues to share their experiences and ask questions!

External lighting at night is not only an important component of the comfort of various households, but also necessary element security systems. To organize outdoor lighting, floodlights are most often used, illuminating large areas and participating in the illumination of structures. Trading platforms offer a wide range of such products, but it will not be difficult to make an LED spotlight with your own hands.

Scope and device

The word "spotlight" was borrowed from Latin. Literally, projectus means thrown forward. This concept refers to a device that emits light by redistributing and focusing the visible energy of a radiation source located inside it. The first prototype of such a device was developed by the Italian inventor Leonardo da Vinci, and it was first created by the Russian mechanic-inventor Ivan Petrovich Kulibin.

The devices in question were originally used for installation on lighthouses, protected areas and in the film industry. They used a high-power incandescent light bulb as a light source. The designs differed: large dimensions, low efficiency, increased heating.

With development semiconductor devices and the advent of high-power LEDs, a new era in the use of floodlights has begun. Due to their unpretentious design and economical use of energy, they began to be used not only in industrial and municipal facilities, but also in private households. Today they can be found on the facades of various residential and administrative buildings., tunnels, bridges. They illuminate architectural monuments, banners, paths, entrances and exits.

Device design

By design, an LED floodlight is not a complex device. It can use either one powerful light-emitting diode (LED) or a group of them. To fix the device on various surfaces, a bracket is used, which in most cases is an integral part of the device.

The following main elements that make up the design of an LED spotlight can be distinguished:

• frame;
• light emission system;
• driver.

When the device operates, in addition to emitting light quanta, thermal energy is also released. Therefore, to protect the emitter and control elements of the spotlight, the product body is made of heat-conducting lightweight material. The housings are mainly made of aluminum and duralumin, but for low-power devices it can also be made of plastic.

The light module is made on the basis of COB (chip-on-board) or a matrix of SMD LEDs. The first type is the most common, as it was specially designed to create directional light, while the second, according to manufacturers, has a longer operating time.

The essence of COB technology is the use of a ceramic substrate on which unpackaged emitting crystals are placed. A phosphor layer is applied on top of them. This approach to production makes it possible to reduce the cost of the product and obtain a uniform glow, in which individual points of the crystals are practically invisible.

The power of a COB matrix can reach one hundred watts, and a well-made heat sink allows one to achieve a practical light output of 100-150 lumens per watt. The service life of such a matrix, according to manufacturers, is about 30 thousand hours of operation. COB matrix technology is young, it appeared only in 2010 and continues to develop at a rapid pace.

SMD matrices are a set of LEDs placed on an aluminum substrate. Typically, the power of one such element does not exceed two watts. A large number of LEDs located close to each other allows an average illumination of 110 lumens per watt. Their declared service life reaches 50 thousand hours. A feature of floodlights with an SMD matrix compared to single-matrix ones is their greater luminous flux. This is due to the fact that single-matrix floodlights do not use LED chips with a ratio of more than 1 W per 0.9 lm.

Operating principle

The work of the spotlight is based on the property p-n junction emit light in the visible spectrum to the human eye. When voltage is applied to a radio element, charge carriers inside it pass through the contact zone of two materials with different conductivities. As a result, the charges collide, and a process occurs accompanied by the emission of light quanta.

The main parameter of the emitter is its operating current. That is, this is its strength at which the recombination process occurs. The operating temperature of the device depends on its value. High heating of the radio element leads to its degradation and failure. Therefore, it is important to limit the amount of current supplied to the light device, in other words, the supply voltage. This is what an electronic driver board is used for.

When the spotlight is switched on to a 220-volt AC network, the voltage through the contact terminals is supplied to the device driver, in which it is rectified and reduced to the desired value. Then the signal from it reaches the light source. The radiation flux is focused by a Fresnel lens or a reflector. To avoid moisture and dust getting inside the module, the housing is treated with silicone sealants. Cooling of radioelements occurs naturally due to the holes and the design of the heat sink.

Floodlight characteristics

The advantages of LED floodlights are their ease of installation, the absence of harmful substances, small dimensions and weight. The luminous flux is characterized by homogeneity and uniformity of luminescence. This type of illuminant has no pulsation or flicker. The devices are resistant to vibrations and can operate at temperatures from minus 70 to plus 45 degrees.

It doesn’t matter whether the spotlight is purchased in a store or designed independently, its main characteristics include:

Self-production

Buying an LED spotlight in a store is not a problem, but it will be much cheaper and more pleasant to assemble it with my own hands. In fact, with the right approach, making this type of illuminator yourself is not particularly difficult, given that you can buy everything you need for this in stores. Here is a list of what you will need to construct a spotlight:

Some materials will need to be purchased, while others can be made from improvised materials or even removed from old unnecessary devices.

Emitter matrix and driver

There are three types of LEDs. The spotlight uses ultra-bright white LEDs on a metal substrate or LEDs. Emitters made in plastic cylindrical housings with pin types are unsuitable for the manufacture of powerful spotlights.

As soon as the required number of LEDs or diode assemblies have been purchased to obtain the required power, their installation on the substrate begins. Since the emitters get very hot during operation, you will need to mount them on a radiator. You can use any aluminum or copper plate as it. and cut out the required size from it, or you can use a ready-made radiator from a computer or other equipment.

SMD LEDs usually do not have mounting holes, so they are glued to the radiator using thermally conductive glue. Once all the elements are glued, you will need to ensure electrical contact between them. To do this, using pieces of wire, all emitters are connected in parallel or in series to each other using soldering.

If a large number of LEDs are used, then it makes sense to use series-parallel connection. To do this, branches are created consisting of an equal number of LEDs with a limiting resistor installed in series. Its calculation is simple: the LED voltage is subtracted from the supply voltage and divided by the maximum permissible current.

The last value is defined as the sum of the currents of each element in the branch. As soon as the connection of the radio elements is completed, a hole is drilled in a convenient place on the radiator through which a pair of wires is passed. One wire is soldered to the common positive of the LEDs, and the other to the negative. On the reverse side there is a reserve of about four centimeters, making it possible to freely solder the driver.

Depending on the number of LEDs, you will need to make or purchase a power supply with the required voltage to ignite them. To do this, you will need to know the characteristics of the LEDs used.

For a medium-power spotlight, you can use general-purpose power supplies with an output pulsating current of up to two amperes and a voltage 3-5 volts higher direct voltage diodes. To avoid voltage surges that can lead to LED burnout, the driver must have stabilization. It can be done using integrated circuits: LM317, LM350 and LM338.

Putting the Elements Together

As soon as the driver and matrix are ready, you will need to decide on a case in which all the elements can freely fit. You can use any unnecessary device of suitable size as it. For example, a computer power supply, an old spotlight with a light bulb. Or you can do it yourself, but this will require plumbing skills.

In this case, you should immediately provide for the possibility of attaching the case to walls or ceilings. Ordinary food foil is suitable as a reflector, and instead protective glass You can use transparent plastic, for example, from a CD box.

All elements are neatly placed in the middle. To secure them, the easiest way is to use not threaded fasteners, but, for example, ties or glue. But in case of repairs when elements are glued to the body, disassembling the device will be significantly more complicated. The positive from the LEDs is soldered to the positive of the driver, and the negative to the common wire. The housing has a connector for connecting to a 220 volt network or just a pair of wires.

A test run is performed. If the spotlight worked for about an hour, and its heating temperature did not exceed 50-60 degrees, then you can confidently seal the housing and begin to enjoy the device you made yourself.

: 6 parts required for assembly. How to make a spotlight

Let's make an LED spotlight together with our own hands, everything in detail

With the development of technology, lighting devices are advancing in leaps and bounds. The development of old technologies and the emergence of new ones force us to constantly adapt and modernize our lighting equipment. Now the time has come to put aside the outdated halogen spotlights, which have already become ineffective in comparison with newer LED devices.

Design features

Spotlights based on LEDs have much greater energy savings, can operate for more than ninety thousand hours, and require absolutely no maintenance. They are able to function in any weather conditions, and the quality of the emitted light has become much better.

LED spotlight device

The design of such devices is incredibly simple, which makes it easy to make an LED spotlight with your own hands at home.

The simplicity of the design allows you to avoid any serious damage, and those that may occur can be easily and quickly repaired.

The LED spotlight consists of a housing, a bracket for fixing, an LED matrix and a driver that regulates the operation and supply of electricity. The matrix consists of static diodes, which are fixed to the board and protected by special polymers from external influences.

Required parts for assembly

If you decide to make a spotlight with your own hands, then you probably have a question about what parts you need to prepare in order to make yourself a high-quality device for use.

We have prepared for you a small list of necessary parts that you need to collect in your garage or buy those that are missing:

• Of course, we need the LED matrix itself with installed driver. You can buy it at a specialized electronics store or take it off an old flashlight. If you use LEDs from a flashlight, then make sure that their power will be enough for you.
• You can select the required housing from any materials. You can make it from plywood or metal, or take one from an old halogen flashlight. If this is not possible, you can buy a housing for the flashlight, it is very cheap. You should select it based on your preferences and how it will be used. If for decoration, then you should make a beautiful and harmonious design of the body. For simple household use, it is enough to use any nondescript floodlight housing.
• Connecting wires.
• Material for creating a reflector. Thick food foil is perfect for such purposes. It can be bought at any supermarket.
• Sealant and glue.
• If you want to make a powerful spotlight, 100 watts or more, then you also need to add a radiator with a cooler for cooling.

Assembling a homemade spotlight

To make yourself a high-quality LED spotlight, you need to approach the assembly process as seriously as possible. By collecting all the necessary parts in advance, you have only done a small part of the work.

Let's take a closer look at the steps to assemble a 220-volt LED floodlight.

1. If you are using an old case, you must remove all foreign parts from it. You should end up with a completely empty case without extra cartridges, internal fasteners, etc. If you are installing a radiator and cooler, then you need to make holes in the side walls to create ventilation.
2. The next step will be to assemble 220 volt LEDs into a single structure, and secure the entire mechanism to a single base. Connect wires of the required length to the contacts so that you can easily bring them to the outside of the case.
3. We install the resulting structure in the body and secure it with glue. Thus, you can make a high-quality fastening without damaging the case and significantly saving time.
4. We take the wires out into the corresponding hole and secure them in the hole using silicone sealant. The sealant is necessary to make a sealed structure, to prevent moisture from entering and the possibility of damaging the mechanism.

If you want to make a powerful 220-volt LED spotlight, then you also need to add a radiator. We install it together with the entire LED board. You can also secure it with glue or wrap it with wire.

Connecting the lamp to the network

To connect our spotlight to a 220 volt network, you need to make preliminary preparation. Think in advance about the place where the spotlight will be installed and place the electricity transmission wires there.

Don’t skimp and make them with a reserve; perhaps you want to move or adjust the installation height of the device a little over time.

You will need a power supply that will stabilize the voltage and supply not 220 volts, but 12 or 24, depending on the LEDs you use.

When connecting the power supply wires and the contacts coming out of the device, do not reverse the polarity. LEDs will not work if connected incorrectly. In the worst case, they may fail altogether, and all the work will be done in vain. Carefully insulate the connection point and preferably cover the entire wire with a special corrugation or plastic cover. It is best when it is possible to hide the connection point in the device body.

If you are installing a spotlight on the street, take care about the quality of its fastening. It is necessary to secure the device as efficiently and firmly as possible so that the mounting location can withstand gusts of wind, changing weather conditions, accumulated snow, and others.

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proosveschenie.ru

Simple DIY LED spotlight

Today, the entire range of LED floodlights available on the market can be divided into 2 groups: inexpensive, low-quality and branded products of good quality with high cost. It is worth noting that the second group is actively counterfeited by unscrupulous manufacturers from China, which seriously complicates the choice.

In this article we will look at how to make a 220 V LED floodlight with your own hands, the quality of which is several times higher than that of cheap Chinese-made products.

Required parts and materials

All materials used in the assembly are available in hardware stores and departments selling electronic components. As a last resort, they can be ordered through online stores. The main part is the body of the halogen spotlight.

If the spotlight is planned to be used on outdoors, then the degree of protection of the housing must be at least IP67.

Next you will need double-sided rectangular fiberglass foil. Its size depends on the internal dimensions of the halogen spotlight housing. To attach the PCB, you will need an aluminum plate, which will also serve as a heat conductor between the LEDs and the spotlight body.

For more efficient heat removal from LEDs, it is recommended to use the thinnest fiberglass laminate.

We will install SMD 5050 LEDs in the amount of 100 pcs. To power them, you will need a set of inexpensive radio elements, the selection of which will be discussed below. For mounting components on printed circuit board will be needed standard tool radio amateur. In addition, the ability to make homemade printed circuit boards, thermal paste and wires will be useful.

Circuit and printed circuit board of a simple LED spotlight

As a power source for an LED spotlight, we will use a circuit with a quenching capacitor, as the simplest and most accessible solution for everyone. Its principle of operation has been discussed many times before. Therefore, we will indicate only the main nuances that you should pay attention to.
At the input of the power supply there is a non-polar capacitor with a capacity of 1 µF for 400 or 630 volts. A 1 MΩ resistor is connected in parallel with it. You can connect any other resistor with a power of 0.25 W or more with a resistance of 240–1000 kOhm. Next comes a diode bridge assembled on four inexpensive 1N4007 diodes (Ipr = 1 A, Urev = 1000 V). It can be replaced with a diode assembly with the same parameters. The rectified voltage is smoothed out by a 10 µF 400 V polar capacitor.

The LEDs on the floodlight's printed circuit board are divided into two series-connected groups of 50 pcs. in each. The LED circuit does not use limiting resistors.

When connecting the power source to the LEDs, a multimeter was installed between them in current measurement mode. The result showed 38 mA in both branches or 19 mA in each, which corresponds to the previously calculated data. At a mains voltage of 220 volts, the current through each LED will not exceed the nominal value of 20 mA.

The printed circuit board is being manufactured in a standard way by using laser printer and does not require special precision. The reverse side of the board remains untinned for better heat dissipation. The mounting holes must be placed so as to ensure reliable contact with the radiator.

LED spotlight board in Sprint Layout 6.0 file: LED-plata.lay6

Build process

Let's start assembling the spotlight by installing LEDs on the printed circuit board. To do this, you can use either a soldering station or a simple low-power soldering iron.
Upon completion, you should check the correct installation and functionality of each LED separately, using a multimeter in test mode.

The next step in assembling an LED spotlight with your own hands is soldering the power supply using a hinged method. The location of the radio components must be thought out so that they fit in the compartment where the power cable is inserted. To avoid short circuit, we insulate the bare areas with heat-shrink tubing. We check the performance of the power supply first at idle, and then with a load (LEDs).
After a successful short-term start-up, we move on to the final assembly of the LED spotlight. First, we make a radiator in the form of a corner from an aluminum plate.
In such a way that one of its shelves is adjacent to the inner wall of the spotlight, and a board with LEDs is attached to the second.
In order to increase heat transfer at the contact points, we apply thermal paste, after which we carry out final assembly.

Pros and cons of the design

A clear advantage of the design is the ease of assembly and availability of the parts used. As a result of the operations carried out, a homemade directional LED spotlight was obtained using SMD 5050 LEDs with a luminous efficiency of 18 lm each. In total, the luminous flux of a homemade spotlight will be approximately 1600–2000 lm. The exact value of illumination must be measured with a lux meter. It depends on the load current and the color temperature of the LEDs used.

The absence of a limiting resistor is a minus of the considered electrical circuit, due to which its reliability in regions with unstable network voltage is sharply reduced. A significant voltage surge will cause the LEDs to burn out. Therefore, we recommend slightly improving your homemade spotlight by adding two 1-2 Ohm resistors to its power supply. Don't forget that LED lighting continues to progress, offering new models of solid-state light sources. In particular, a COB matrix can take the place of SMD LEDs, retail price which is already available to a wide range of consumers. COB matrix simplifies installation, reduces board size, reduces total time making a spotlight at home.

But the heat will have to be removed from the multi-chip chip using a fan, which means the power supply will have to be modified. For these purposes, a computer cooler is suitable, for which there is enough space inside the case. But in this case, the spotlight cannot be used outdoors.

Another progressive step will be the replacement of copper-plated textolite with aluminum foil. In fact, this three-layer material is made of textolite, on one side of which copper is applied for etching printed conductors, and on the other - aluminum for heat dissipation. It is ideal for building modern high-power LED lights and floodlights.

Summing up, I would like to note that every person who is “friendly” with a soldering iron and electricity can construct a homemade spotlight using LEDs. And assembling such a homemade device will not only decorate your leisure time, but will also become an economical lighting device in the household.

Read also

ledjournal.info

LED spotlight - assemble it yourself + video instructions

Since ancient times, humanity has sought to master light and use it for its own benefit, because, unlike some animals, not possessing special night vision, man became vulnerable at night. Progress has the peculiarity of accelerating in a geometric sequence; this statement absolutely applies to the development of lighting technology. For a long time, before the invention of electricity, the only source of light was live fire, then incandescent lamps appeared, and a new era began. Gradually, new types of lamps appeared - fluorescent, halogen, until finally the most modern and technologically advanced light source appeared - LEDs. At first they were imperfect and not nearly as reliable as they are now, and they were very expensive. The situation has changed - LED modules have become affordable, reliable and of high quality. Possessing magnificent technical characteristics and performance properties, they have firmly established themselves in the lighting equipment market. In this article we will talk about a very affordable and simple source of bright, uniform light based on LEDs - an LED floodlight. Characteristics of LED spotlights, how to assemble an LED spotlight with your own hands, how to connect an LED spotlight - we will touch on all this in the process of getting to know this device.

Design elements

An LED spotlight is a lighting device, the design of which consists of a voltage converter, a powerful LED, a radiator to remove excess heat and a reflector to enhance and direct the light flux. It can emit, like standard white or warm light, or be colored, with the ability to change RGB colors. The scope of application of this device is practically unlimited. LED floodlights are used for home and industrial purposes, illumination of country houses and cottages, illumination of entrances and parking lots.

Advantages of diodes over halogen, fluorescent, energy-saving and incandescent lamps

Flashlights based on LED modules have a number of technical and operational advantages over outdated lamp analogues:

• The main advantage is the low power consumption and high efficiency of devices based on LED modules. Consuming 8-12 times less electricity, LED lamps provide the same brightness of luminous flux. This is a significant cost saving, and when it comes to industrial scale, when lighting in industrial production is carried out, for example, by a hundred 500-watt flashlights that pump out energy around the clock, a 10-fold reduction in consumption will lead to colossal cost savings.
• Quality of light emission. Unlike outdated lamp-based analogues, LED lamps provide the most uniform illumination over the entire area and distance, free from twitching and flickering. This is, firstly, the most comfortable environment for the eyes, which does not pose a threat to vision or visual discomfort. Secondly, ideal and undistorted color rendering, which in many industrial production can be among the main priorities in connection with production activities.
• Durability and reliability. LED modules do not depend in operational terms on the number of switches on and off. If you are using an LED floodlight with a motion sensor, this point is very relevant. Due to the constant response to movement, the spotlight will constantly turn on and off. LED lamps are designed for 100 thousand or more hours of operation, which is many times more than any lamps. Together with the simplicity and reliability of the design, modern materials that are resistant to mechanical stress, a set of these technical characteristics makes LED lights an ideal choice for illuminating any objects, cottages, industrial production, houses, streets and squares.

• Safety and environmental friendliness. LED modules are assembled from modern environmentally friendly materials. They do not require any special disposal methods. When LED flashlight has failed, you can replace the LED module, and simply throw the old one, which has expired, into the trash. Absolutely without any fear for your health. The safety of LED lighting equipment is the highest. It works at low currents, which means that if you decide to make the connection yourself and make some mistake and possibly get an electric shock, it will not be as dangerous as with conventional lamps. As for operational technical characteristics, LED modules do not heat up above 90 degrees during operation, which makes them as fireproof as possible.
• Reliability, simplicity and flexibility of use. LED modules can operate without damage even during severe power surges. The connection is very simple, almost anyone can handle it. The design of the spotlight is also simple and reliable. In order to replace the module when it has exhausted its service life, it will be enough to unscrew a few bolts and disassemble the spotlight body. Next, guided by numerous diagrams and the help of the Internet, disconnect the old module and connect the new one. Then reassemble the housing, place the spotlight back, screwing the housing to the mount on the surface where the flashlight was installed. If you need lighting not only in the standard daytime version, just purchase a color RGB spotlight; it can change color in a very wide range of shades.

There is only one drawback

The only negative is the fairly high cost, which is more than completely outweighed by the combination of advantages. How long will it last LED lamp and the quality of the emitted light will ultimately lead to significant savings in money, nerves, and time.

What characteristics are important to know when choosing

To choose the option that suits you, it is advisable to contact a specialist, describing to him the conditions of use, the required illumination range, the required illumination intensity and other parameters that concern you (brightness and warmth of the light flux, the presence of a motion sensor, solar panels for battery life etc.).

How to make your own LED floodlight

If you confidently hold a tool in your hands, you have an unnecessary or broken spotlight, and you don’t want to buy a “pig in a poke” by paying a small but significant amount for a cheap Chinese lantern, but don’t agree to spend a lot of money on an expensive one - assemble an LED spotlight with your own hands. You can even completely solder all the necessary boards; fortunately, there are more than enough diagrams and instructions on the Internet. But if you are not ready to resort to a soldering iron, then the next option is just for you.

Required Components

So, what do we need to make powerful LED spotlights:

directly the diode itself, cooling radiators, fans (the smallest computer fans will do) and the power board for them (can be taken from charger, preferably from a high-quality adapter, because we don’t want the fans to fail), electronic converter voltage to supply power to our diode and adjust the brightness. We will also need, as previously mentioned, an unnecessary old spotlight - as a donor housing, where the entire assembled structure will be installed.

Stage 1 – Start of assembly

We begin the assembly procedure by attaching all the elements to the cooling radiator, which is needed to remove heat from the very powerful LED. The first step is to secure the diode module with bolts using the holes in it. Press the diode firmly onto an even layer of thermal paste.

Then attach fans that will be used for additional active cooling, which will reduce operating temperature by another 10-20 degrees and will extend the already long life of the LED.

Stage 2 – Preliminary performance check and temperature measurement

After connecting all the remaining parts, connect the diode with wires to the current source (converter). Apply current to the diode through a voltage converter to check its functionality. Check the operation of the fans and measure the voltage on the power board for the batteries and the fans themselves, it should be the same. To make sure proper operation cooling system, it is advisable to accurately measure the temperature using an accurate thermometer - for example, an infrared temperature gun. The temperature should not be higher than 50-60 degrees.

Stage 3 – Putting the insides into the body

After checking all components for operability, you need to place the entire structure directly into the prepared housing. Don't forget to leave a decent opening at the bottom of the structure for the fans to blow out heated air, as well as at the top for air intake.

Install the board that controls the operation of the fans (I remind you, a high-quality one, possibly borrowed from the charging adapter) and connect the wires from the fans.

Step 4 – Final Functionality Check

All that remains is to check the functionality of all elements one last time, cut out a reflector to fit the case from shiny metal (or covered with thick foil) and assemble all the elements of the case together. Having firmly tightened all the bolts connecting the housing elements together, you can begin to use the spotlight on the diode module, which you were able to make yourself. Naturally, you need to have some experience in working with electronics, circuits and boards, as well as desire - after all, for many it will be easier to buy a ready-made device. But a spotlight assembled with your own hands, in addition to causing pride in yourself, will have unique technical characteristics. If you use a powerful 100 watt module, it will replace your 600-800 watt halogen flashlight, which would be much larger, overheat and be very dangerous. The illumination range of such a spotlight, depending on the selected reflector angle, will vary from very large to enormous.

Summary of the article

So, let's summarize the above. In order to choose a floodlight, you need to decide in what conditions it will be used - for industrial (warehouse lighting, production) and domestic purposes (yard lighting, cottage lighting), you can select different floodlights in accordance with their technical characteristics, including power and color temperature . Based on them, select a design for the required illumination range, if necessary, select models with a motion sensor, solar battery or other options. If you want to make an LED spotlight yourself, choose and purchase everything necessary components on the radio market and, armed with a tool, assemble exactly what you need. The main thing in both approaches is to purchase quality components or equipment from a seller with a proven reputation. This is the key to positive impressions from future use of the equipment.

Video instruction:

samosvetil.ru

How to make a spotlight - do it yourself

Dear visitors!!!

The topic will address the question: “How to make a spotlight with your own hands,” with minor changes. The photograph shows a spotlight whose light source is a linear halogen lamp. In winter, due to temperature changes and the formation of condensation in the spotlight, the disadvantage of such lamps is their frequent burnout.

Replacing a lamp in a spotlight

To get rid of the unpleasant cases of replacing lamps during the cold period, I will propose the option of converting a spotlight with a halogen lamp to a spotlight with an energy-saving lamp. For this you will need:

• energy saving lamp;
• lamp socket;
• fastening of the electric cartridge.

Lamp socket

The lamp power is selected at your discretion. For installation energy saving lamp Instead of a halogen one, you will need to do the following with the design of the spotlight:

• remove the electric socket for the halogen lamp in the spotlight,
• attach an ordinary cartridge to the inner end of the spotlight.

Changing the connection diagram

When making such changes to the spotlight, the reflective layer in the spotlight remains unchanged. To install the cartridge, it will be necessary to make a hole in the end part of the spotlight for the mounting sleeve.

A threaded bushing is screwed into the end part of the cartridge, then a bushing with an electric cartridge is secured inside the spotlight (Fig. 1). The figure with numbered fragments gives the following explanation:

1. cartridge;
2. threaded bushing;
3. spotlight body.

That is, in this way the electrical circuit in the spotlight is changed to connect an energy-saving lamp. This example quoted from personal practice, when I had to redo a street lamp installed in one of the institutions. Such a lamp (installed in a lantern) served for about two years and I want to say that the energy-saving lamp did not burn out at all, but only a contact burned out in the lamp base. The lamp was repaired by me and is still working (illuminates the aquarium). One of the topics describes in detail the repair of this energy-saving lamp.

In a similar way, you can convert a halogen spotlight to an LED spotlight.

That's all for now. Follow the section.

zapiski-elektrika.ru

repair and how to make, LED and assembly, homemade and circuit, housing

Making an LED spotlight is quite easy, but you should first study the theory. Technologies are developing and lighting devices are developing with them. Modernization of old technologies or the emergence of new ones force us to constantly adapt to them and modernize our lighting devices. Finally, the time has come to remove the old halogen lamps and replace them with LED spotlights, which are easy to make yourself.

DIY spotlight: design features

Spotlights such as LEDs save more electric current and are capable of working for more than 100 thousand hours, and there is no need for their maintenance. In addition, they can work in any weather conditions, due to the fact that the quantity and quality of the emitted light has improved.

The main components of an LED spotlight are:

1. Frame. It is made of anodized aluminum alloy. This housing ensures efficient heat dissipation.
2. Diffuser. It is made of high quality and tempered glass.
3. Reflector. It is made of aluminum. Such a reflector is capable of scattering the light stream by 120 degrees.
4. LEDs. They can be used for floodlights with a power of more than 50 watts. The use of LEDs for spotlights makes it possible to distribute thermal energy and improve heat dissipation, and this already makes it possible to use the spotlight for a long time.
5. Radiator. It acts as a heat sink from the LED matrix.
6. Driver. It performs a protection function for optimal operation of the spotlight during voltage surges.

Materials for the spotlight can be bought at a flea market or on the Internet.

The design of the LED floodlight is quite lightweight, which makes it possible for us to independently construct such a device at home.

Also, such a simple design allows us to avoid almost all serious breakdowns of the device, and if such situations arise, they can be quickly repaired.

The components of such a spotlight are as follows: housing, fixing bracket, LED matrix, driver. The driver is responsible for supplying stable voltage, even if there are power outages in the network. The matrix consists of diodes that are soldered onto the board and protected by special polymers from external influences.

LED assembly: what you need

If you decide to assemble an LED spotlight yourself, you will in any case have a question about what parts you need to prepare to make a high-quality device.

The list of necessary spare parts for self-assembly of an LED spotlight is as follows:

1. The most important part of such a spotlight is a matrix with LEDs and an installed driver. Such a matrix can be purchased at a special electronics store or simply removed from an old flashlight. If you use LEDs from a flashlight, then you need to make sure that these LEDs have sufficient power.
2. Select a body for the spotlight. You can select it from any material or make it yourself from plywood or iron, and you can also purchase it in a store. The cost of such a case is affordable for everyone. The choice of housing must be made based on the purposes for which it will be used when assembled. If it is used for decoration, then preference should be given to beautiful and harmonious cases, and for domestic use you can use the simplest case.
3. Wires for connections. Any cable with a cross-section suitable for the power can be used as wires.
4. Material for making a reflector. To make a reflector, ordinary food foil, which is sold in any store, is suitable.
5. Sealant and glue. To fasten the elements, you can use any sealant and glue that is suitable for fastening the elements of the spotlight.

If you are making a spotlight over 220 W, then you will need to install a cooler with a radiator.

When assembling an LED spotlight, everything should be done according to the instructions, which can be found on the Internet.

A homemade LED spotlight can work no worse than the Datasheet afb3hf installation from China. With your own hands, instead of the usual halogen lights, you can install a new power supply and an infrared sensor, which will turn on the lamps at a certain number of volts. The assembly can be supplemented with any detail, for example, a stand is perfect here. However, let's not forget that not only the sensor, but also the halogen unit must be assembled wisely, so you will need a diagram.

How to make a spotlight with your own hands: step-by-step instructions

To make a high-quality and durable LED spotlight, you need to approach the work with the utmost seriousness. After assembling all the necessary parts, you have already completed a small part of the work.

Assembling the LED spotlight must be done in the following sequence:

1. If you use an old spotlight, you must remove all unnecessary elements from it. As a result, you end up with a completely empty case, in which there are no cartridges or fasteners. If you are making a floodlight with a power of more than 100 W, then you need to install a cooling radiator with a cooler. To do this, we make holes in the sides of the case to make the so-called ventilation.
2. Next, we move on to assembling the LEDs into one whole circuit and securing the mechanism to a solid base. We connect short wires to the contacts, just long enough so that they can be led out beyond the body of the spotlight.
3. We install the assembled structure into the housing. The fastening of this structure can be made with glue. Using glue, you do not damage the integrity of the structure.
4. We take out the wires for connecting to the network through a special hole. After this, fill the remaining space where the wires exit with sealant. This is necessary for the tightness of the structure.

If you are making a powerful spotlight, but do not want it to quickly break down, then you need to install a radiator with a cooler in the design.

We install this mechanism in place with the LED circuit.

The number of LEDs determines the power of the spotlight

Such a device can be fixed with glue.

Homemade LED spotlight: positive aspects

This design has its positive sides.

Namely:

• Ease of manufacture and availability of spare parts;
• Since there is no limiting resistor in the design, this is a minus of such a circuit;
• Development of light source technologies.

The next step in modernizing LED spotlights could be replacing textolite ones of the same name with aluminum foil. Aluminum foil is made from three layers of textolite. On one side of such a foil, copper is applied, which removes printed conductors, and on the other side, aluminum is applied to remove heat. This material is optimally suited for the manufacture of modern LED spotlights with high power.

DIY LED floodlight repair (video)

Let's summarize. Self-assembly of such a design as an LED spotlight is becoming increasingly popular. Let us highlight the fact that it is easy to build such a device for an ordinary person who can at least somehow work with a soldering iron and with an electrician. In addition, self-assembly of such a device will save you energy consumption and embellish your leisure time.

Example of a spotlight (photo)

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6watt.ru

DIY LED spotlight

Today we will tell you how to make a homemade multifunctional LED spotlight.

Good afternoon. Today we have a new homemade product - an LED spotlight for photography, construction and other things. If frosted glass is installed on it, it can be used to illuminate the apartment - hidden in the suspended ceiling - the radiator almost does not heat up.

We take a heatsink from the computer processor and glue a 10-watt LED onto it. Radiators are available with a square and round projection.

Cut out the reflector itself from cardboard or plywood or metal
and glue foil on it.
Your spotlight is all ready.
The power driver can be hidden behind the plastic and the power cord can be connected.
I made a reflector out of cardboard. The best thing is to cut the reflector out of the mirror and glue it with silicone. The device showed LUX from a distance of 15 cm in the sun it shows only 50 units.

See also:

Jurei-678

Hi all! I develop, design and manufacture LED lamps for home, garden and plants. My plant lamps work in Norway, Russia, and the Baltic states. I can also make any lamp from metal, plastic or wood according to your sketches. 5 years of LED creative experience. My Skype is juri-1958. Mail [email protected].

New homemade products by Jurei-678 (See all)

samodelka.info

DIY LED spotlight

LED lamps and strips have long been a fashionable and stylish interior item. But their disadvantage is their high cost. Many people would like to install LED devices, but the price is too high, plus a misunderstanding of the principles of their operation. We invite you to assemble an alternative and interesting light source with your own hands.

In order to assemble an LED spotlight yourself, you do not need any special knowledge or skills. Just 30-40 minutes of free time, a set for LED lamps, a couple simple tools and your desire - that’s all. Please note that most of the commercially available LED devices, in particular kits, have inflated characteristics from manufacturers. Note that using just such a set as a base you can make an excellent spotlight or flashlight.

This spotlight can be used to highlight the landscape of a summer cottage or private house with light. Also for placing home lighting accents, for illuminating objects at a distance of about 20 - 30 m when using external surveillance cameras. To realize any of your lighting fantasies and ideas! But, the most important thing is efficiency and low power consumption. So your floodlight will use only 6 watts of electrical power.

The process of creation

So let's get started! Take an LED lamp, and carefully study its description and characteristics from the manufacturer. This lamp will be used to create an LED spotlight. It is better to take a lamp that will shine at least 180 degrees with a light dispersion angle of about 30 degrees. This way you will scatter the light flux to the sides and direct it to the sky. This is the most suitable option for creating a spotlight. After all, with the same LED power, you can illuminate objects that are further away! As a housing, we use the housing from any unnecessary spotlight. If you have just a little extra money, you can purchase new building, which is very cheap, or use the case from the kit. You need to attach a new cartridge under the base to the center of the case, preferably with silicone sealant. If you have time and desire, you can attach it using a mechanical cartridge fastener. We cut out a small hole in the center of the reflector into which the base of the LED lamp of your choice should fit. It is important to know that in order to control the direction of the light flow from the lamp, you need to assemble the spotlight until the sealant dries. In addition, the LED lamp with the socket must fit exactly in the housing and with the glass closed, pressing it slightly. Try to route the wires coming out of the socket into the installation box, which is located on the body of the spotlight. We recommend sealing or sealing all gaps and possible leaks with transparent glue - sealant. After completing assembly, check the correct operation of the spotlight. Connect the lamp to the network. Tip/recommendation: if you want to increase the brightness, you can install two LED lamps. There should be enough space in the spotlight housing! As you can see, everything is simple and easy! So you assembled an LED spotlight with your own hands without much effort.

The assembly of LED lamps from improvised materials is becoming increasingly popular. This is due not only to the fact that home electricians are trying to develop their skills, but also to the poor quality of Chinese products. This article will talk about how to make a spotlight with your own hands at home. For site readers we have prepared several interesting options assemblies.

Step 1 – Select the case

The easiest way is to assemble an LED spotlight yourself from a Chinese halogen model. This is due to the fact that there will be no need to invent a housing and a reflector. Having spent 200 rubles on purchasing a low-quality street lamp, all you have to do is replace the lamp with an LED one. This will allow you to enjoy the bright glow of an economical and durable spotlight.

By the way, you can look for the case separately in a specialized store. Perhaps the cost of the product will be even lower than that of a halogen lamp.

If you decide to make a powerful LED spotlight yourself, which will also get very hot, we recommend that you take additional care of heat removal. To do this, you can either find an aluminum radiator and fix it, or make a completely aluminum box, as in the photo below.

Step 2 – Selecting a lamp

As for the lamp for a homemade LED spotlight, the easiest way is to buy it. The power must be at least 30 W. However, purchasing a separate housing and LED bulb may not be very cheap. That is why we recommend making a lamp yourself. The advantage is that you can assemble a light bulb with a 220 or 12 Volt power supply. In the first case, this will allow you to connect the lamp directly to the network. We’ve talked about this, we recommend you read it. If you wish, you can also make a light bulb from an old energy-saving light bulb, from individual LEDs, or even from a single-color LED strip, as in the photo below.

Please note that we also provided all diagrams and video instructions for assembly in the above article!

If you nevertheless decide to make a spotlight with your own hands from a halogen one, you will have to additionally find a base for an LED light bulb.

Step 3 – Assembling the spotlight

After all the elements have been collected, you can assemble the homemade product without much effort. All you need to prepare is sealant. For a more understandable understanding, we provide information for your attention. step by step instructions for assembly:

This is how you can make a spotlight with your own hands at home. We recommend additionally equipping your homemade product with a motion sensor and a photo relay, which will further save energy and make the lighting automatic.

It was decided not to close the construction season this year, and since it gets dark early in the fall and especially in winter, a powerful light source is needed. Especially now that we are working on the facade, we need the light to illuminate the entire side of the facade. For this purpose there was made a powerful simple LED spotlight with your own hands.

We order the components and assemble a simple 50W floodlight with our own hands.

This simple LED spotlight took 5 minutes to make.

The peculiarity of this powerful matrix is ​​that it does not require an LED driver. 220 volts is connected directly to it. At the same time, the price is very low, consider it a gift.

And so we choose more powerfully 50 Watt. Warm White - warm white (closer to incandescent in tone) or Cold White - cold white.

Let me tell you that 50 W is decent for LEDs.

The reverse side of the module is an aluminum substrate.

I took it without a lens. But for the next homemade spotlight I will definitely order with a lens. The fact is that the price will hardly change. The difference is about 20 rubles. A reflector is included with the lens.

Plus, contacts 220 need to be somehow isolated and covered, otherwise the lens will cover them.

This photo shows the matrix along with the lens and reflector.

This LED module definitely requires a heatsink. I just took a scrap of aluminum sheet (I had it in my bins). I drilled four 3mm holes in it for fastening the LED module and two more holes for fastening the wire with a tie (self-tightening strap).

On the reverse side of the LED module I applied a thin layer of thermal paste (residues from replacing the processor in the laptop).

Actually, everything is very primitive and can be seen in the photographs. Of course, it doesn’t look very civilized; you can’t hang one like that on a façade, but it’s just right for a construction site.

Don't forget that the 220V contacts are open! We will definitely isolate!
I filled it with varnish and stuck a film on top.

This is a type of mounting the LED matrix on the reverse side.

And here is a homemade spotlight in action. I don’t know if it shines at 50W, but it shines quite brightly. I tried to work at night, pointing the spotlight at the facade, everything was visible normally. The light spot covered the entire two-story façade.

Option for phytolamp.

By the way, these LED matrices are available with a special light spectrum for plants (seedlings). Moreover, one module contains the entire spectrum of light required by plants.