Part two: "The most important characteristics of each Intel Core i3/i5/i7 processor family. Which of these chips are of particular interest"

Introduction

First, we will present the most important characteristics of each family of Intel Core i3/i5/i7 processors, and then we will talk about which of these chips are of particular interest. For the convenience of readers, we considered it appropriate to present the information in the form of a kind of reference book, and summarize all the data on current models of the model in small tables. The prices we give are Russian retail prices, fixed at the time of publication of this material, for processors in a “boxed” configuration (that is, with a proprietary cooler).

Core i3

Core i3 (Clarkdale) is the latest generation dual-core processor designed for entry-level desktop computers. First introduced on January 7, 2010. Installed in LGA1156 connector. Produced using 32nm technology.

Equipped with a built-in PCI Express 2.0 x16 controller, thanks to which the graphics accelerator can be connected directly to the processor. To connect to the system logic set, a DMI (Digital Media Interface) bus with a bandwidth of 2 GB/s is used.

Core i3 processors have a built-in GMA HD graphics core with twelve pipelines and a clock speed of 733 MHz.

The base clock frequency for all Core i3 models is 133 MHz, nominal frequencies are achieved by using multipliers.

Compatible chipsets: Intel H55 Express, H57 Express, P55 Express, Q57 Express

Main technical parameters of Core i3

• Nehalem microarchitecture
• Two cores
• L3 cache - 4 MB, common to all cores
• Built-in PCI Express 2.0 x16 controller
• Integrated graphics adapter with a clock frequency of 733 MHz
• SSE 4.2 instruction set
• AES-NIS instruction set

Core i5

Core i5 (Clarkdale or Lynnfield) is the latest generation dual or quad-core processor designed for mid-range desktop computers. First introduced on September 8, 2009. Installed in LGA1156 connector. Dual-core Clarkdale are manufactured using 32nm technology, quad-core Lynnfield - using 45nm technology.

Equipped with a built-in dual-channel DDR3-1066/1333 RAM controller with a voltage of up to 1.6 V. Modules designed for higher voltages will not work with this chip and may even damage it.

Equipped with a built-in PCI Express 2.0 x16 controller, thanks to which the graphics accelerator can be connected directly to the processor. In models with a built-in GMA HD graphics core, one video card in x16 mode can be connected to the chip; in models without built-in graphics, two video cards in x8 mode each can be connected.

To connect to the system logic set, a DMI (Digital Media Interface) bus with a bandwidth of 2 GB/s is used.

Dual-core models (6xx series) have a built-in GMA HD graphics adapter and Hyper-Threading technology; quad-core (7xx series) do not have graphics or Hyper-Threading. In models whose number ends in 1, the graphics clock speed is 900 MHz, in models whose number ends in 0, the graphics core operates at 733 MHz.

All Core i5s feature Turbo Boost technology for automatically increasing the clock speed in resource-intensive tasks.

The base clock frequency for all Core i5 models is 133 MHz, nominal frequencies are achieved by using multipliers.

Compatible chipsets: Intel H55 Express, H57 Express, P55 Express, Q57 Express.

Main technical parameters of Core i5

• Nehalem microarchitecture
• Two or four cores
• L1 cache - 64 KB (32 KB data and 32 KB instruction) per core
• L2 cache - 256 KB per core
• L3 cache - 4 or 8 MB, common to all cores
• Built-in dual-channel DDR3-1066/1333 MHz RAM controller
• Integrated PCI Express 2.0 controller (one x16 lane or two x8 lanes on models without integrated graphics)
• Integrated graphics adapter with a clock frequency of 733 or 900 MHz
• Support for VT virtualization technology
• Support for 64-bit Intel EM64T instructions
• Support for Hyper-Threading technology in dual-core models
• SSE 4.2 instruction set
• AES-NIS instruction set
• Antivirus technology Execute Disable Bit
• Enhanced SpeedStep technology

Core i7

Core i7 (Bloomfield, Lynnfield or Gulftown) is the latest generation four or six-core processor designed for high-end desktop computers. First introduced in November 2008. Quad-core Bloomfield and Lynnfield are manufactured using 45 nm technology, six-core Lynnfield - using 32 nm technology.

Available in two modifications: 9xx series (for LGA1366 socket) with a built-in three-channel memory controller and QPI bus, and 8xx series (for LGA1156 socket) with a dual-channel memory controller, built-in PCI Express 2.0 controller and DMI bus) DDR3-1066/1333 RAM is supported with voltages up to 1.6 V. Modules designed for higher voltages will not work with this chip and may even damage it.

Processors for the LGA1366 socket are equipped with a high-speed QPI bus operating at a frequency of 2.4 GHz (up to 4.8 GB/s) in regular i7s and at a frequency of 3.2 GHz (6.4 GB/s) in Extreme modifications (these include i7-965, i7-975 and i7-980X.

Chips for the LGA1156 connector are equipped with a built-in PCI Express 2.0 x16 controller, thanks to which the graphics accelerator can be connected directly to the processor. To connect to the system logic set, a DMI (Digital Media Interface) bus with a bandwidth of 2 GB/s is used here.

All Core i7s feature Turbo Boost technology for automatically increasing the clock speed in resource-intensive tasks, as well as Hyper-Threading technology.

The base clock frequency for all Core i7 models is 133 MHz, nominal frequencies are achieved by using multipliers. In Core i7 Extreme modifications, the multiplier is unlocked, which allows you to freely increase the processor clock speed.

Compatible chipsets: 8xx series - Intel H55 Express, H57 Express, P55 Express, Q57 Express, 9xx series - Intel X58 Express.

Main technical parameters of Core i7

• Nehalem microarchitecture
• Four or six cores
• L1 cache - 64 KB (32 KB data and 32 KB instruction) per core
• L2 cache - 256 KB per core
• L3 cache - 8 or 12 MB, common to all cores
• Built-in dual-channel (LGA1156) or triple-channel (LGA1366) DDR3-1066/1333 MHz RAM controller
• QPI bus operating at 2.4 GHz (4.8 GB/s) or 3.2 GHz (6.4 GB/s) on LGA1366 models
• DMI bus (2 GB/s) on LGA1156 models
• Integrated PCI Express 2.0 controller (one x16 lane or two x8 lanes on models without integrated graphics) on LGA1156 models
• Support for VT virtualization technology
• Support for 64-bit Intel EM64T instructions
• Hyper-Threading technology support
• Turbo Boost technology support
• SSE 4.2 instruction set
• AES-NIS instruction set for i7-980X
• Antivirus technology Execute Disable Bit
• Enhanced SpeedStep technology

What to choose?

The Core i3-530 and 540 processors are quite powerful and inexpensive chips, and the price difference between them is negligible, so there is no point in purchasing the 530 unless you are strictly on a budget.

The Core i3 series chips are direct competitors to the previous generation Core 2 Duo Exxx processors: they cost about the same and provide a comparable level of performance, although slightly faster. However, although LGA1156 motherboards are more expensive than their LGA775 counterparts, buying an i3 chip is a smarter long-term investment than a Core 2 Duo, since these processors are not only fast enough today, but can be replaced with any LGA1156 chip in the future - even on a super-powerful Core i7. If the i3-530 is too expensive for you, you can pay attention to the Pentium G6950 (the “boxed” version complete with a standard cooler will cost about 3,200 rubles), which is slower than both “three rubles”, but practically not inferior to most Core 2 Duo.

As for the quad-core Core 2 Quad, which are slightly more expensive than the dual-core Core i3 (for example, the “boxed” Core 2 Quad Q8300 costs about 5,000 rubles), then buying them today makes sense only for upgrading an existing system to the LGA775 socket - in this case it is very reasonable choice.

All Core i5 600-series processors offer high performance, but unless you need a chip with integrated graphics, there's little point in buying a model from this family. These models are aimed, rather, at the corporate market - an office computer does not need powerful graphics, and the simpler it is in design, the more convenient it is to maintain.

For the same money that they ask for chips of the 600 family, it is better to buy a quad-core i5-750 - this is an ideal choice for building a powerful home PC for a reasonable price. If you make a choice within the 600 series, you should know that the 661 differs from the 660 only in slightly faster integrated graphics, but at the same time increased power consumption and the lack of hardware support for VT-d I/O virtualization, which is only relevant for corporate users. In other words, if you are buying a CPU for a home computer, it makes sense to choose the Core i5-661.

To build a powerful gaming PC, the best choice in terms of price/performance is the Core i7-860; all other options will cost much more, since you will need a more expensive motherboard on the X58 Express chipset for the LGA1366 socket.

The six-core “extreme” Core i7-980X is the unsurpassed leader in performance not only of the entire modern line of Intel desktop processors, but also of competing AMD models. Therefore, you should not be surprised that a system based on it will cost a rather impressive amount. Lovers of the very best can prepare their wallets - this chip is about to appear on the shelves of Russian stores, replacing the previous flagship Core i7-975

The processor is the brain of the computer, but it takes a lot of your own brain to understand the differences between processors! Intel hasn't made it easy for consumers with its weird naming schemes, and the question most often asked is: what's the difference between an i3, i5, or i7 processor? Which one should I buy?

It's time to demystify it. In this article, I won't touch on other Intel processors, such as the Pentium series or the new Core M series laptop. They are good in their own right, but the Core series is the most popular and confusing, so let's just focus on that.

Understanding Model Numbers

Honestly, it's very simple. Intel Core i7 is better than Core i5, which in turn is better than Core i3. The problem is knowing what to expect from each processor.

First of all, i7 does not mean seven-core processor! These are just names to indicate relative performance.

Typically, the Core i3 series uses only dual-core processors, while the Core i5 and Core i7 series use dual-core, quad-core, and six-core processors. Quad-core processors are usually better than dual-core processors, but don't worry about that for now.

Intel releases families of chipsets such as the new generation of Skylake processors for the 6th generation Skylake family. Each family, in turn, has its own line of Core i3, Core i5 and Core i7 processors.

You can determine which generation the processor belongs to the first digit in the four-digit model name. For example, Intel Core i3- 5 200 refers to 5 -th generation. Remember that the new generations of Intel will not support Windows 7, but since Windows 10 is a free upgrade anyway, use the newest generation.

Advice. Here's a useful rule of thumb. The other three numbers are Intel's assessment of how the processor compares to others in its own line. For example, the Intel Core i3-5350 is superior to the Core i3-5200 because 350 is more than 200.

Last letters: U, Q, H, K

Things have changed since we last looked at Intel's processor list. Decoding a list of processors. The model number is usually followed by one or a combination of the following letters: U, Y, T, Q, H, and K. Here's what they mean:

• U: Ultra low power. U rating is for laptop processors only. They use less power and are better for battery life.
• Y: Low power. Typically used for laptops and older generation mobile processors.
• T:Power Optimized for desktop processors.
• Q: Quad-core processor. The Q rating is only for processors with four physical cores.
• H: High-performance graphics. The chipset has one of the best graphics units from Intel.
• K: Unlocked. This means that you can overclock the processor yourself.

Understanding these letters and the numbering system above will help you know what the processor offers just by looking at the model number, without having to read the actual specifications.

You can find the meaning of other letters in the Intel manuals for processor numbers.

Hyper-Threading: i7 > i3 > i5

As you can see above, Intel specifically writes U and Q for the number of physical cores. Well, what other kernels are there, you ask? The answer is virtual cores activated using Hyper-Threading technology.

In layman's terms, hyperthreading allows one physical core to act as two virtual cores, thereby performing many tasks simultaneously without activating the second physical core (which will require more power from the system).

If both processors are active and using hyperthreading, these four virtual cores will compute faster. However, note that physical cores are faster than virtual cores. A quad-core processor will perform much better than a dual-core CPU with hyperthreading!

The Intel Core i3 series has hyper-threading. The Intel Core i7 series also supports hyperthreading. Intel Core i5 series does not support it.

Turbo Boost: i7 > i5 > i3

On the other hand, the Intel Core i3 series does not support Turbo Boost. The Core i5 series uses Turbo Boost to speed up your tasks, just like the Core i7.

Turbo Boost is a patented technology to intelligently increase the processor clock speed if the application requires it. For example, if you're playing a game and your system requires some extra power, Turbo Boost will kick in to compensate.

Turbo Boost is useful for those who use resource-intensive software such as video editors or video games, but it's not a big deal if you're only going to surf the web and use Microsoft Office.

Besides Hyper-Threading and Turbo Boost, one of the main differences in the Core line is the cache size. The cache is the processor's own memory and acts as its personal RAM - and it's one of the little-known features that can slow down your PC.

Just like with RAM, the larger the cache size, the better. So if the processor performs one task over and over again, it will store that task in its cache. If the processor can store more tasks in its private memory, it can make them faster if they appear again.

The Core i3 series typically contains up to 3 MB of cache. The Core i5 series has between 3MB and 6MB cache. The Core i7 series has 4MB to 8MB cache.

Since graphics have been integrated into the processor chip, this has become an important consideration when purchasing processors. But as with everything else, Intel made the system a little confusing.

There are now typically three tiers of graphics devices: Intel HD, Intel Iris, and Intel Iris Pro. You'll see a model name like Intel HD 520 or Intel Iris Pro 580... and that's where the confusion begins.

Here's a quick example of how overwhelming it can be. Intel HD 520 is the main graphics chipset. The Intel Iris 550 is better than the Intel HD 520, but also basic. But Intel HD 530 is a high performance graphics unit and is better than Intel Iris 550. However, Intel Iris Pro 580 is also a high performance graphics unit and is better than Intel HD 530.

Best advice on how to interpret them? Just don't. Instead, rely on the Intel naming system. If the processor model ends with H, you know it is a high-end module.

Comparison of i3, i5, i7 cores

CPU	Number of Cores	Cache size	Hyper-Threading	Turbo Boost	Graphic arts	Price
	2	3MB	Eat	No	Low	Low
	2-4	3MB-6MB	No	Eat	Average	Average
	2-6	4MB-12MB	Eat	Eat	The best	Expensive

Simply put, here's who each processor type is best for:

• Core i3: main users. Economic choice. Convenient for browsing the Internet, using Microsoft Office, video calls and social networks. Not for gamers or professionals.
• Core i5: Intermediate users. Those who want a balance between performance and price. Good for gaming if you buy an HQ processor or a Q processor with a dedicated GPU.
• Core i7: Professionals. This is the best Intel can do right now.

How did you choose?

This article is a basic guide for those who want to buy a new Intel processor but are confused between Core i3, i5 and i7. But even after understanding all this, when it's time to make a decision, you may need to choose between two processors from different generations.

What other advice do you have for others who are similarly stuck buying a PCU and need to make a choice?

Modern central processors are not easy to understand even for a specialist: many different models are produced, and their names seem to be specifically designed to confuse the buyer.

And if a lot has been written about the Core and Core 2 series in almost five years since their appearance, then there is practically no systematic information about the chips of the three newest families of Core i3, i5 and i7, addressed to the consumer, and not to the expert.

What are the architectural features of the new processors, the differences from their predecessors?
Finally, how are they better than the still quite current Core 2 Duo and Quad?

All processors of the “i” family are built on the latest Nehalem microarchitecture, which replaced Core at the end of 2008.
The architecture, named after one of the Indian tribes, is an evolutionary development of the Core and differs from it in several fundamental innovations: the placement of all cores on one chip, a built-in two- or three-channel DDR3 RAM controller, QPI or DMI system buses that replaced the FSB, cache -third-level memory, common to all cores, as well as the ability to integrate a graphics core into the chip.

Nehalem is the first to implement the SSE 4.2 instruction set; their power consumption is 30% less than their Core counterparts with comparable performance.
In addition, Hyper-Threading technology has returned to the new chips, allowing one physical core to be represented as two virtual ones.
The first Nehalem were produced using 45-nanometer technology, and in 2010 a gradual transition to a 32-nanometer process began.
To install processors, a motherboard with LGA1156 or LGA1366 sockets is required.

Based on the Nehalem architecture, four types of desktop processors are currently produced, known under the code names Bloomfield, Clarkdale, Gulftown and Lynnfield.
Of these, Clarkdale are dual-core and produced using 32 nm technology, Bloomfield and Lynnfield are quad-core and produced using 45 nm technology, and Gulftown are 32 nm six-core chips.

The bulk of dual-core i3 and i5 are Clarkdale, quad-core i5 are Lynnfield, quad-core i7 are Bloomfield and Lynnfield, and the six-core i7 (there is only one so far, this is the 980X) is Gulftown.

Lynnfield processor block diagram

What is the difference between Bloomfield and Lynnfield quad core?
First of all, Bloomfield has a built-in three-channel memory controller, while Lynnfield has a two-channel one, which significantly affects the price.
Bloomfield implements a high-speed QPI system bus (25.6 Gbit/s), which is used to communicate with the northbridge, which provides the PCI Express 2.0 interface to which graphics accelerators are connected.

Lynnfield uses a DMI bus (2 Gbit/s), and the PCI Express 2.0 graphics bus controller is built into the processor itself, which eliminates the fundamental need for a north bridge and allows the use of a single-chip system logic set - this was done in the Intel P55 Express chipset.
Finally, Lynnfield chips are designed to be installed in the “mainstream” LGA1156 socket, and Bloomfield chips are designed for installation in the LGA1366 socket, reserved for high-end systems.

By the way, about the Intel P55 Express chipset: this set of system logic was designed specifically for Lynnfield, and the LGA1156 processor socket also appeared at the same time.
P55 motherboards work without problems with dual-core Core i3/i5 (Clarkdale), but there is one caveat: this chipset does not support the graphics core built into the processor (more on that below), meaning in any case you will have to use a discrete video accelerator.

The H57, H55 and Q57 chipsets, introduced simultaneously with Clarksdale processors, work with the integrated graphics core.
The main characteristics of all four sets of logic can be found in the table.

Nehalem processors have a rather confusing labeling system, and even the name of the family does not say much about a specific chip, since they may have different architectures and capabilities.
Therefore, let's take a closer look at their capabilities and functionality.

Dual-core Core i3 and i5, quad-core and six-core Core i5 and i7 processors differ from their predecessors primarily in that, like AMD chips, they have built-in DDR3 RAM controllers and an external bus operating at a speed of 133 MHz.
For comparison, Core 2 Duo (socket LGA775) is compatible with both DDR3 and DDR2 memory, since the memory controller is implemented at the system logic level.

In addition, dual-core Core i3 and i5 have GMA HD graphics accelerators built into the chip.
Their capabilities can be briefly described as follows: if you just want to watch HD video and are not interested in the latest 3D computer games, then the performance of the graphics core built into the processor will be quite enough.

According to experts, GMA HD is somewhat faster than previous generations of Intel GMA graphics cores built into chipsets.

The GMA HD core allows simultaneous decoding of two HD video streams (for example, for picture-in-picture or picture-and-picture modes) and simultaneous transmission to different digital outputs.
Supports 36-bit color depth and xvYCC extended color space, and provides the ability to transmit Dolby True HD and DTS-HD Master Audio audio streams.

Declared support for DirectX 10 (Shader Model 3.0) and Open GL 2.1 software interfaces.
Up to 1.7 GB (!) of system memory can be allocated for the frame buffer.
The graphics are fully compatible with the Universal Digital Interface HDMI 1.3.

More and more details are appearing on the Internet about Intel's Comet Lake-S processors.

Intel LGA1200 socket for PC processors

The release of 10th generation Intel Core Comet Lake processors for desktop PCs and motherboards based on 400 series chipsets (Z490, W480, Q470 and H410) is expected in the second half of 2020.

In the process of assembling or purchasing a new computer, users are always faced with a question. In this article we will look at Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 processors, and also tell you the difference between these chips and what is better to choose for your computer.

Difference No. 1. Number of cores and support for Hyper-threading.

Perhaps, The main difference between Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 processors is the number of physical cores and support for Hyper-threading technology, which creates two threads of computation for each actually existing physical core. Creating two computation threads per core allows for more efficient use of the processing power of the processor core. Therefore, processors with Hyper-threading support have some performance benefits.

The number of cores and support for Hyper-threading technology for most Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 processors can be summarized in the following table.

	Number of physical cores	Hyper-threading technology support	Number of threads
Intel Core i3	2	Yes	4
Intel Core i5	4	No	4
Intel Core i7	4	Yes	8

But there are exceptions to this table. Firstly, these are Intel Core i7 processors from their “Extreme” line. These processors can have 6 or 8 physical computing cores. Moreover, they, like all Core i7 processors, have support for Hyper-threading technology, which means the number of threads is twice the number of cores. Secondly, some mobile processors (laptop processors) are exempt. So, some Intel Core i5 mobile processors have only 2 physical cores, but at the same time have support for Hyper-threading.

It should also be noted that Intel has already planned to increase the number of cores in its processors. According to the latest news, Intel Core i5 and i7 processors with Coffee Lake architecture, scheduled for release in 2018, will each have 6 physical cores and 12 threads.

Therefore, you should not completely trust the table provided. If you are interested in the number of cores in a particular Intel processor, then it is better to check the official information on the website.

Difference No. 2. Cache memory size.

Also, Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 processors differ in cache memory size. The higher the processor class, the larger the cache memory it receives. Intel Core i7 processors get the most cache, Intel Core i5 slightly less, and Intel Core i3 processors even less. Specific values ​​should be looked at in the characteristics of the processors. But as an example, you can compare several processors from the 6th generation.

	Level 1 cache	Level 2 cache	Level 3 cache
Intel Core i7-6700	4 x 32 KB	4 x 256 KB	8 MB
Intel Core i5-6500	4 x 32 KB	4 x 256 KB	6 MB
Intel Core i3-6100	2 x 32 KB	2 x 256 KB	3 MB

You need to understand that a decrease in cache memory is associated with a decrease in the number of cores and threads. But, nevertheless, there is such a difference.

Difference number 3. Clock frequencies.

Typically, higher-end processors come with higher clock speeds. But, not everything is so simple here. It is not uncommon for Intel Core i3 to have higher frequencies than Intel Core i7. For example, let's take 3 processors from the 6th generation line.

	Clock frequency
Intel Core i7-6700	3.4 GHz
Intel Core i5-6500	3.2 GHz
Intel Core i3-6100	3.7 GHz

In this way, Intel is trying to maintain the performance of Intel Core i3 processors at the desired level.

Difference No. 4. Heat dissipation.

Another important difference between Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 processors is the level of heat dissipation. The characteristic known as TDP or thermal design power is responsible for this. This characteristic tells you how much heat the processor cooling system should remove. As an example, let's take the TDP of three 6th generation Intel processors. As can be seen from the table, the higher the processor class, the more heat it produces and the more powerful the cooling system is needed.

	TDP
Intel Core i7-6700	65 W
Intel Core i5-6500	65 W
Intel Core i3-6100	51 W

It should be noted that TDP tends to decrease. With each generation of processors, the TDP becomes lower. For example, the TDP of the 2nd generation Intel Core i5 processor was 95 W. Now, as we see, only 65 W.

Which is better Intel Core i3, i5 or i7?

The answer to this question depends on what kind of performance you need. The difference in the number of cores, threads, cache and clock speeds creates a noticeable difference in performance between the Core i3, i5 and i7.

• The Intel Core i3 processor is an excellent option for an office or budget home computer. If you have a video card of the appropriate level, you can play computer games on a computer with an Intel Core i3 processor.
• Intel Core i5 processor – suitable for a powerful work or gaming computer. A modern Intel Core i5 can handle any video card without any problems, so on a computer with such a processor you can play any games even at maximum settings.
• The Intel Core i7 processor is an option for those who know exactly why they need such performance. A computer with such a processor is suitable, for example, for editing videos or conducting game streams.

Laptops with Intel Core i5 are mid-level models that do an excellent job with most household and professional tasks. Such devices can be intended for games, office work, graphics editing, video editing and other purposes.

Main features
Unlike “older” models, Core i5 chips do not support Hyper-Threading technology, so each core can process only one stream of information. In addition, they have a reduced frequency and smaller cache size. However, their performance is sufficient to handle many resource-intensive applications, including games.
Processors in this series support automatic overclocking under high loads. Since most of them are intended for use in consumer technology, they are equipped with integrated graphics adapters capable of playing high-definition video.

Main modifications
Before you buy a laptop with Intel Core i5, you should pay attention to the type of processor. Currently, the production of chips of the 5th, 6th and 7th generations continues. They differ in the size of the logical elements used, cache size, frequency and some other parameters. Each generation has greater performance and lower power consumption than the previous one.
You also need to take into account that Core i5 processors are produced in different modifications:

• M, U, S - versions with reduced power consumption;
• K, X - models with an unlocked frequency multiplier, suitable for overclocking;
• HQ - quad-core modifications with an optimal ratio of performance and power consumption;
• R - models with an improved graphics chip.

High-performance computer equipment at Eldorado
Our online store offers affordable prices for laptops with powerful Intel Core i5 processors and other portable devices. All products presented in his catalog can be ordered with delivery in Moscow, Abakan, Grozny, Novosibirsk and other cities of Russia.