Setting up an antenna for receiving television channels from satellites ABS1, Express AM2, Yamal 201 using a multifeed.

1. Collect multifeed, according to the attached figure.
(The location of the converters is indicated for a 0.9 m antenna. For a 1.0 m antenna, the distances between the converters should be slightly larger)

2. Install angle of inclination of the converters so that they look at the center of the antenna mirror

The above distances between converters are approximate. In each specific case, they may differ slightly and are determined locally, for a specific antenna and according to the maximum signal level.
3. Collect antenna according to the assembly instructions. The multifeed with converters is mounted with a central support in place of the standard converter mounting. To securely fasten the multifeed, you may need to drill 2 holes in the sleeve. Firmly secure the support at the selected point. When installing on a balcony or loggia, the fence is drilled through and the support is attached with ordinary long bolts of large diameter. When installing on a wall, holes are drilled in it and self-propping anchor bolts are used.
4. Having mounted antenna, you should immediately turn it in the direction of the sun’s position at approximately 12-14 o’clock in the afternoon, and install it vertically, relative to the support.

Often there are some obstacles in the direction of the satellite that can interfere with signal reception.
It should be noted that any obstacles, including window glass, not to mention trees and bushes, located in the path of the signal can make it impossible to receive it.
5. Installing antenna and pointing it at the location where the satellite is supposed to be located, lightly secure it to the bracket, but so that it can rotate on it with little effort. The setup process is greatly simplified by installing a clamp under the antenna mount on the bracket. In this case, the mounting bolts can be loosened to such an extent that the antenna will rotate freely, supported by the clamp.
6. Then, having connected the receiver and the central converter (Express AM2) with a cable (initially, all settings should be made directly, without connecting the drives), proceed to setting up the antenna. Antenna tuning consists of several stages.
Initial setup of the antenna for the central satellite:
To configure the antenna for the central Express AM2 satellite, you should enter into the receiver the parameters of the transponder on which you will search for the satellite.
Frequency - 11606, polarization - vertical, flow rate - 44948.
In most receivers this is done as follows:
Enter the Menu, select "antenna installation" or "transponder search" and enter the appropriate transponder parameters.
You can configure it on any satellite from the list. It is not this that is important, but the correctly entered value of the transponder parameters. Be sure to check what type of converter (LNB) is installed in the settings. In this case, the converter type must be “Universal”, or in some receivers “Single”. If you choose the right converter type, you should have the following local oscillator frequencies: 9750/10600.
Next, use the digital buttons on the receiver's remote control to enter the above transponder parameters. The setting is made using the menu item "Signal Level" (Scan, etc.). Modern tuners usually have 2 level scales. The first scale - "Level (Signal)" - shows the IF level at the tuner input. The second - "Quality" - shows the level of the useful signal with the specified parameters (frequency, speed and FEC). The level on the first scale includes both the useful signal from the satellite and the noise of the head, on-air noise, and the noise of all devices on the path from the head to the tuner. Most often, before connecting the head, the level is “0” and becomes greater than zero when it is connected. Some tuners have only one scale, but often when a useful signal is captured, the color of the scale changes, for example, it turns from gray to yellow. The initial search is carried out on the first scale. The level on it increases as it approaches the satellite. The search is carried out by scanning the sector in which the satellite is supposed to be located. It should be borne in mind that obstacles, such as a nearby tree, the sun, or just a hand, also increase the signal level on the first scale. But it will be impossible to receive a satellite through them. When the tuner receives a signal from the satellite, the level on the second scale will appear - “Quality”. Further adjustment is carried out on the second scale according to the maximum signal. The scale may be located in another menu item and, depending on the brand of the receiver and the version of the operating system that supports it, be located vertically or horizontally. One thing is certain: when the “LNB power supply” option is disabled, the scale will indicate a zero value. You should scan starting from the position in which you have the antenna installed, slowly rotating left or right 10-15 degrees in different directions. You need to rotate it quite slowly, since the digital signal is not processed as quickly as the analog signal, and appears on the TV screen with some delay. As soon as you catch a signal, the bottom bar will also color. In this case, you should very carefully turn the antenna to achieve the maximum signal level in the lower strip.
If you did not catch the satellite in one pass, then raise the antenna a little up or down and repeat the operation. You may have to do this procedure several times.
The final indicator of correct satellite tuning is the presence of a picture on the TV screen. It happens that on nearby satellites some frequencies coincide and tuning the antenna based on the presence of a level in the lower band in the menu does not lead to tuning to the desired satellite. Therefore, having configured the antenna in this way, before final tightening the fastening nuts, you should make sure that the picture is present.
Having achieved the maximum signal level, proceed to the final tightening of the fastening nuts. They should be tightened carefully, all the time monitoring the signal level on the receiver scale, since in this case the antenna moves slightly in one direction or another depending on which side you tighten the nut.
Then Having finally secured the antenna, you begin setting up the remaining multifeed converters. By connecting the receiver with a cable to the converter located to the left of the central converter (when viewed from the antenna side of the multifeed), enter the parameters of the ABS1 satellite transponder.
Frequency -12640, polarization - vertical, flow rate - 22000 .
Next, if there is no signal quality scale, loosen the converter mounting bolts and move it up and down in different directions until the signal value appears on the quality scale and its maximum level.
After setting up this converter, proceed to setting up the converter located to the right of the central converter. This converter is designed to receive a signal from the Yamal 201 satellite.
The transponder parameters for configuration are as follows:
Frequency – 11057, polarization – vertical, flow rate – 26470.
Having configured the multifeed, connect all three converters with the disk using the supplied short cables, in accordance with the attached figure.

In the receiver settings, you should bring the port parameters in line (select the corresponding numbers in the Diseqc 1,1 menu: ABS1 - 1, Express AM2 - 2, Yamal 201 - 3) with connecting the cables to the disk.
Then, you should automatically search for channels by satellite. If not all channels are found as a result of the search, then you should switch to manual search mode and conduct a search by entering the parameters of the missing transponders. Below is a table with a list of channels.

ABS 1 75°	Express-AM2 80° E Ku	Yamal 201 90° E Ku
12518V 22000 7/8 DTV (+2) 12548 V 22000 7/8 Fashion TV Russia & Eastern Europe Inter + 12579 V 22000 7/8 FootSchool TV Russia A-One TV Sale Top Shop TV InterAz 12610V 22000 7/8 TRO Soyuz Gameplay TV 12640 V 22000 3/4 NTV (0h) DTV (0h) Telekanal Domashniy (+7h) STS (+7h) NTV (+3h) RBC TV 12670 V 22000 7/8 Luxe TV Telekanal 2x2 TV Club -R- Doroznoe Radio -R-Radio Novaja Zhizn 12693V 11000 7/8 Mir (+3h) test Endemol feed MGOU feed Mir feed Moscow feed -R-Radio World 12701 V 2200 3/4 MIR Astana feed 12704 V 3900 7/8 NTS 12707 V 3900 7/8 Mir feed 12711V 3900 7/8 Mir feed 12723V 6820 7/8 TNV: Tatarstan Novy Vek 12740 V 7248 7/8 TVT 1 Tajikistan TV Safina TV Bakhoriston	Enisey Region -R-Radio Russia -R- Russian Volna 11044H 44948 5/6 Love Music TV 1Rock TV -R-Radio Mayak -R- Milicejskaya Volna SGU TV 1 SGA TV Purovskaya TRK Luch (05.00-07.30 & 13.00-14.10 UTC) TRK Nadym -R- Avtoradio Tomsk TBN Russia RBN Rodnoy Bridge TV Perviy channel SNG China	OTV Primorje -R-Radio VBC Yamal-Region -R-Radio Yamal STS (+7h) BISS TNT (+4h) TNT (+2h) Shkolnik TV NTV (+4h) NTV (+2h) Telekanal Domashniy (+7h) BISS -R- Radio Dobrie Songs Telekanal Domashniy (+4h) BISS STS (+4h) BISS REN TV (+4h) REN TV (+7h) Vesti BISS Bibigon -R- Radio Chanson 103.0 FM -R- Seven Skies -R- Serebryany Dozhd (Silver Rain) -R- Nashe Radio

Each person would prefer to watch, in addition to central television channels, another 20-30 thematic TV channels in high definition. What is needed for this? Choose one of the Russian satellite broadcasting operators, purchase a set of equipment and configure it.

In most cases, configuration and installation of equipment is included in the purchase package, so after purchasing the “plate”, installers come to perform the necessary work. However, you can completely cope with this task yourself, and we will tell you how to do it.

Antenna structure and equipment set

Considering that the instructions are designed for a beginner, let's start with the basics. All satellite antennas present on the domestic digital television market are divided into two groups:

Offset.

Direct focus.

The difference between the models lies in the operating principle.

In direct focus antennas, the signal reception converter is located exactly in the center at a short distance from the mirror. In offset ones, the signal is reflected at an angle, and accordingly the converter is shifted relative to the axis.

The method of installation depends on the type of antenna. Direct-focus ones are mounted at a right angle, which corresponds to the satellite’s trajectory above the horizon. With offset analogues the situation is different. Here you need to turn to the school physics course and remember that the angle of incidence of the beam is equal to the angle of reflection.

Therefore, such models are installed with a slight inclination relative to the satellite.

The satellite dish consists of the following elements:

Mounting bracket.

Reflector mirrors.

Irradiator with a removable casing that protects from precipitation.

Depolarizer – converts circular polarization into linear frequency.

Converter with signal amplifier.

In addition, the basic package includes:

tuner responsible for broadcasting channels;

disek – switch between converters that receive a signal from a satellite;

coaxial cable with connection connectors.

The package also includes connecting plugs, anchor bolts and dowels.

Antenna installation

Let us immediately note that installation must be carried out in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, which are included with the equipment. If you don’t follow the mandatory rules about high-quality images, you can forget. Correct installation of the antenna consists of the following steps:

Choosing a direction. The mirror of the “plate” always faces south, and no foreign objects should fall into the target. If the antenna is installed in a private house, it makes sense to secure it at a height of 7-10 m from the ground: this will reduce the level of dust in the air and help to significantly improve image quality.

Installation of fasteners. First, mounting brackets are installed, which are secured with anchor bolts or collet pins. The main rack is installed strictly vertically, otherwise setting up the equipment will be problematic.

Assembly and installation of the “plate”. An antenna is assembled to which the converters are screwed. These elements are always installed with the connectors down to avoid oxidation of the contacts. All connections are reliably insulated and covered with a layer of sealant for greater reliability. The assembled antenna is hung on a bracket and secured with fasteners.

After this, the finished “dish” must be oriented in the direction of the broadcast satellite. To do this, exact geographic coordinates are determined; a mobile device with a satellite navigation module will help here.

The azimuth of the broadcast satellite can be found on the provider’s website, where there is an inclination angle calculator.

To configure the antenna to receive a signal, perform the following steps:

The TV and tuner are connected to the converter via a coaxial cable. The equipment is connected to the network, and menu items are sequentially selected in the receiver menu: Installation -> Manual search.

Then the antenna itself is adjusted by swaying relative to the installation axis. This is necessary for the equipment to “catch” the satellite.

When a signal appears, you need to achieve optimal quality: the reception level is a good indicator above 60%.

After this, the mirror is carefully tightened, trying not to disturb the azimuth.

During pre-tuning, you should not be in front of the antenna: any objects in the reception area will negatively affect the image quality.

Tuner settings

The next important step in installing a satellite dish is setting up the tuner. The equipment of some providers automatically detects the satellite, the user only has to catch the necessary TV channels.

If there is a need for fine tuning or changing the parameters specified by the manufacturer, go to the section "Menu", select a sub-item "Installation". There will be several sections here, so we will consider in detail what each item is responsible for.

Satellite. The first line indicates the name of the broadcast satellite and its location in geopolar orbit. The name of the translator does not affect the equipment settings.

Sometimes the desired satellite is not on the list at all. In this case, select any translator and tune in to its frequency.

LNB type. The type of installed converter is determined here. There are two types of devices: C And Ku, depending on the reception range. In the first case, the value is set in the menu "Standard", in the second – "Universal".

TP number. This section displays a list of transponders. Using the buttons on the remote control, you can scan the frequency and save all broadcast channels. Information about the required parameters can be found in the provider's frequency table.

DISEQC. This is a switch between converters configured for a broadcast satellite. If the antenna works with one translator, you need to set the value in the menu DISABLE(disabled). When the antenna is configured for several satellites, the line indicates the connection port to the desired converter.

Positioner. This function is responsible for automatically adjusting the antenna to the azimuth of another satellite. For this purpose, the “plate” is driven by a built-in electric motor. If there is no corresponding key on the remote control, then the equipment does not support this function, so the menu is set to “disabled”.

Polarization. This item can be left in automatic search mode. If you select the vertical or horizontal settings, only TV channels located in the specified plane will be broadcast.

Power LNB. The item must be in the on position so that power is supplied to the converters.

The interface of equipment from different providers may differ, so carefully read the manufacturer's instructions for setting up the equipment.

How to set up your TV

This is the easiest stage of setting up the equipment. After connecting the antenna and debugging the receiver, testing of available TV channels is carried out. Typically, programs are arranged in a random order depending on the broadcast frequency.

Using the remote control, you need to connect the channels in a convenient order.

Common connection errors

If, after installing the equipment, the image leaves much to be desired, it means that errors were made during setup, which led to a deterioration in the quality of signal reception. In most cases, users make the following mistakes:

insufficient diameter of the antenna mirror - leads to loss of signal in bad weather conditions;

errors when choosing the polarization of the converter - do not allow the equipment to tune to the desired satellite;

lack of a protective casing - at low temperatures the irradiator will become covered with ice;

connection via an unsuitable cable - the core must be copper: a steel core noticeably worsens the reception quality;

poor-quality cable crimping at the connection points.

In addition, most users make mistakes when connecting two or more TVs to a satellite dish.

If you are not confident in your abilities, you should not install the equipment yourself. In the best case, specialists called to fix the malfunction will require partial compensation for the cost of damage; in the worst case, the repair is completely carried out at the user’s expense.

TOP 5 reliable satellite television providers in Russia

In addition to the purchase and installation of equipment, there remains one more important detail - the choice of operator satellite TV. Today, there are quite a lot of companies providing such services throughout the country.

This raises the question: “Which operator is better to connect to?” Let's consider proven and popular providers in Russia.

NTV plus. The first domestic operator to start broadcasting in satellite television format. Today, viewers are given access to 200 channels, 30 of which are broadcast in the format HD. Satellite location: 36 o east longitude.

Rainbow TV. A package of Russian and international TV channels designed for a wide audience. The broadcast network includes sports, children's, music and film channels. Satellite location: 75 o east longitude.

TV MTS. A new service from a well-known cellular operator. Available after connection 130 TV channels, of them 30 in high resolution format. The receiver has an intuitive interface and takes television broadcasting to a completely new level.

In particular, viewers can watch live broadcasts and pause, rewind, and watch video on demand.

Telecard. Today, it is the most affordable satellite television operator operating in all regions of the country. There are two types of connection equipment: SD And HD, which imply different tariff plans that differ in the broadcast network and broadcast quality.

Tricolor TV. Currently it is the largest provider in the Russian region. The key advantages of purchasing equipment are the absence of a subscription fee and a reliable signal level, regardless of external factors. The broadcast network includes 38 TV channels, connection to a paid package is available.

In addition, you can pay attention to the operators "DV Platform", "Continent", "Platform HD". Providers offer a wide selection of thematic and educational channels in high image quality.

In conclusion, we offer you to watch an intelligent video that will help you cope with the task yourself:

Installing a satellite dish is possible without the use of additional equipment, and anyone can connect and configure the receiver. The publication's experts suggest handling the satellite dish yourself in a few simple steps.

Installation of a satellite dish

Standard satellites - Sirius, Amos and Hotbird - currently broadcast 72 channels. Advantages of satellite television:

1. price: the subscription fee inherent in all cable TV channels has not been introduced for satellite television. The only cost that pays off over time is the installation of a satellite dish;
2. high image quality;
3. large selection of TV channels.

A standard bundle for three satellites - Amos 4.0W, Sirius 5.0E, Hotbird 13.0E - provides a choice of channels for every taste. Satellite television technologies are constantly developing, therefore every year there are more and more satellites and TV channels for users.

Antenna operating principle

1. the satellite signal hits the surface of the dish;
2. being reflected, it enters the converter;
3. the converter sends the satellite signal to the receiver;
4. The signal reaches the TV through the receiver.

Types of satellite dishes

• offset: the dish is installed in the direction not strictly towards the satellite, but below it, since the signal reflected from the surface of the satellite dish enters the converter at an angle. Such plates are mounted vertically so that less precipitation collects on them;
• direct focus: in them the converter partially covers the surface of the mirror.

IMPORTANT! The Svec dish and receiver are most often used - the reliability and practicality of this manufacturer’s product has been confirmed by ten years on the market.

Installation options for satellite antennas

To install a satellite dish, you must select its location correctly. If there is a tree in the signal path, it may degrade the reception quality. The antenna for three satellites must be tuned to the southwest.

Step 1 - Satellite Dish Location: Top View

Satellite TV set

The kit includes:

1. mirror (dish) for receiving the signal. The diagonal of the plate must be at least 60 cm (in some models the diagonal of the mirror is 1.2 m). The choice of diagonal depends on the terrain, as well as obstacles in the way of receiving the satellite signal.
2. the head (converter) converts the signal reflected from the plate and sends it to the receiver. There are converters with different numbers of outputs, allowing you to connect one, two or more receivers at the same time;
3. DiSEq connects several converters;
4. cable;
5. bracket;
6. The DVB receiver is the most expensive part of the kit. To receive a signal from free channels, a Globo-type receiver will be sufficient, however, to receive paid channels, models with card readers must be used;
7. F-connectors connect the cable to converters, receiver, DiSEq and other components of the system. The standard installation scheme involves the use of 8 pieces.

IMPORTANT! To insulate the connections of the F-connectors and cables, you will additionally need heat shrink, as well as anchors for attaching the bracket to the wall.

Equipment preparation

We determine the location of the cardinal directions on the ground. The figure below shows the approximate location of south at different times of the day. Of course, you can navigate by the Sun only in clear weather. More accurate readings can be obtained using a compass.

IMPORTANT! Near a reinforced concrete wall, the compass can become very unstable. Please note that the NTV+ satellite is always in the south, and the Sirius, HotBird and Amos satellites are approximately in the southwest.

Installing a satellite dish with your own hands: choosing an installation location

We determine the visibility of the satellite at the installation site.

The ideal option to eliminate the possibility of interference is to install a satellite dish on the roof. It is not advisable to attach the dish to the collective antenna rod or gas chimney pipes. Mounting on the wall of an elevator shaft is allowed.

A satellite dish cannot be installed under a roof canopy if the apartment windows face southwest or south: the canopy will simply block the signal. In addition, precipitation can change its position. It is optimal to mount the plate on the south or southwest side, on the outside of the balcony.

In the case of installing a satellite dish on the facade of a building, permission from the architectural control and a standard installation design are required.

IMPORTANT! Quite often, satellite dishes are stolen from roofs. If there is an option to install the plate on the wall of a building, it is better to choose it.

Step 3 - Selecting the antenna angle to receive the satellite signal

The procedure for installing a satellite dish relative to the elevation angle

Installing a satellite dish yourself: materials for installation

1. 10 mm spanners (used when assembling the antenna, as well as for fixing the dish at an elevation);
2. open-end wrench 10 (used during assembly);
3. wrench 13, L-shaped socket (used when installing the antenna in azimuth);
4. adjustable wrench (used if the plate is attached to anchors);
5. crosshead screwdriver;
6. pliers (used when cutting coaxial cables, as well as plastic clamps);
7. hammer drill SDS-plus (used when drilling mounting holes in the wall);
8. drills for hammer drills d=12 mm, length - from 120 to 180 mm;
9. extension;
10. building magnetic level;
11. a small TV with a low-frequency input (used when Openbox SF-10, SF-20 or SF-30 satellite finders are not at hand);
12. satellite receiver;
13. insulating tape;
14. plastic clamps (used when fastening the cable);
15. 40 cm of plastic corrugated pipe d=10 mm (used to protect the cable from chafing when descending from the roof);
16. cap screws (6 pcs.) x 13 with plastic dowels, length - 60-80 mm;
17. thick and wide metal washers d=30/50 mm - about 4-8 pcs. (used for leveling).

You can assemble the satellite dish according to the instructions - assembly rules are included with each product.

Secure the bracket. The choice of fastening elements (anchor bolts, nuts, screws) should be based on the expected wind load and the material of the walls on which the installation is being made.

Step 5 - Fix the mount to the body of the bracket

Install the converters in the holder with the connector facing down: after installation, atmospheric moisture should not get inside the converters.

Step 6 - Attach the bracket to the plate

Connect the cable to the converters using F-connectors.

Installation of F-connectors

Remove the top insulation of the cable by approximately 15 mm. It is important not to damage the shielding braid.

Step 7 - Remove the top insulation of the cable

The shielding braid is placed along the cable.

The foil is placed along the shielding braid. Remove the layer of internal insulation by approximately 10 mm.

The connector is screwed in until it stops. The center conductor should not protrude beyond the connector by more than 2 mm. If its length exceeds 2 mm, the excess is bitten off. Seal the F-connector. Be sure to seal with insulating tape in two layers along the entire length. A layer of sealant is applied over the tape (it is better to use silicone).

Step 10 - Screw the connector onto the cable (all the way)

Attach the cable to the arc of the cymbal converter holder using plastic clamps or insulating tape.

Step 11 - Install the converters in the holder with the connector down: after installation, atmospheric moisture should not get inside the converters Step 13 - View of the mounted antenna without wire and converter

Install the antenna on the bracket. Tighten the adjusting nuts so that after installation it can be moved vertically and horizontally with little effort.

Step 14 - Install the bracket to the wall

If calibrating the dish relative to the satellite’s position was not part of your plans, you can install an antenna with a motorized suspension that automatically adjusts to the satellite’s location.

Step 15 - Connect the cable to the converters using F-connectors Step 16 - Install the antenna on the bracket. Tighten the adjusting nuts so that after installation it is possible to move the antenna vertically and horizontally with little effort. We check the fixation of the bracket to the plate. Near the antenna, you must leave a supply of cable 1 m long, securing it to the bracket. The cable is secured to the bracket using plastic clamps or insulating tape. Step 17 - Installing the Cable to the Antenna

Correctly setting up a plate with your own hands

Approximately set the azimuth angle and the antenna elevation angle (the azimuth is set with a compass).

Connect the cable to the satellite receiver (the operating instructions should clearly explain this step) - the cable must come from the converter or DiseC. The F-connector is processed according to the method discussed above.

The digital receiver is connected to the TV. Turn on the receiver.

IMPORTANT! Upon purchase, a digital satellite receiver must already be programmed for satellite channels (Sirius, Amos, Hotbird - for conventional dishes, on Yamal 201 - for dishes with a motorized suspension). From the list of receiver channels, select any “open” channel with a signal from the satellite.

Using progressive, not very strong pushes, move the dish mirror vertically/horizontally around the approximate location point chosen for using the satellite. As a result, a column (quality indicator) and a television picture should appear on the screen.

IMPORTANT! When turning by a degree, wait up to 5 seconds - during this time the signal from the satellite should reach the antenna.

In the satellite receiver menu, find the “Received signal level” item and activate it. The maximum signal level can be achieved by smoothly moving the plate vertically/horizontally.

IMPORTANT! The signal level will directly depend on weather conditions.

The adjusting nuts must be tightened while monitoring the signal level received by the system.

When setting up to receive signals from Sirius, HotBird and Amos satellites, configure the converter by switching the received channel on the receiver to the one corresponding to the satellite currently being tuned.

Installation of Tricolor TV satellite dish

Among satellite systems that provide consumers from all over the country and far beyond its borders with a high-quality signal, the most popular is the Tricolor TV system.

The advantage of the system, in addition to an excellent signal and an audience of thousands of users, is that a wizard is not required for installation: independent installation and configuration will take no more than 2 hours, everything you need is included in the kit.

Installation of Tricolor TV satellite dish: average price

The cost of installing a Tricolor TV FULL HD antenna is approximately $300. This price includes payment for a full set of equipment, the Maximum HD package (170 channels, 24 of which are shown in FULL HD format), installation of an antenna, registration of a decoder, as well as activation of an access card to the Tricolor subscriber system.

Rainbow TV and Telekarta TV are also considered popular satellite television networks.

On the official website of the Rainbow TV network you can find a special program “Installer Assistant”, which describes in detail all the main points of installing a satellite television antenna, as well as a basis for setting up signal reception.

Installation of satellite dishes: price issue

How much does it cost to connect to satellite TV? Everything will depend on several factors:

1. on the number of TVs connected to the antenna: Kyiv - 950 UAH, 1,550 UAH, 2,100 UAH and 2,400 UAH for 1, 2, 3 and 4 TVs, respectively;
2. or on the diameter of the antenna itself: Moscow - 2,500 rubles, 4,000 rubles and 6,000 rubles for antennas of 0.6/0.9/1.2 m, respectively.

The cost calculation may also take into account an additional payment for installation in a hard-to-reach place, installation of a motor suspension, dismantling of plates, and customization of the installation system.

Video tutorial: installing a satellite dish

Among ordinary, untrained users, there is an opinion that it is almost impossible to independently install and configure a satellite system. In fact, this is not true at all. Below are simple instructions for dummies on how to independently install and configure a satellite dish without calculations, satellite finders and other attributes of professionals. If you are a professional installer, then the material below is unlikely to be of interest to you.

Although any information can now be found on the Internet, I still tried to collect all the basic information I received on one page - for convenience. I’ll just try to tell you in my own words and with pictures how I installed and configured the satellite system. I’ll say right away that the installation of ONLY an offset fixed antenna is being considered, and not a direct focus or motorized one. And yet, it is possible that no matter how hard you try, you may not be able to install and configure the antenna yourself. Then you will have to invite a professional installer. It’s hard for me to imagine how this could be, but I’ve seen people on the forums struggling for a couple of days in useless attempts to set up the antenna. In other cases, by independently selecting components and installing it yourself, you can save some, sometimes considerable, amount. Besides everything else, I personally was just interested in installing everything myself. What is the difference between installing and configuring the system “by eye” and professional installation? Almost nothing. With the exception of a more accurate initial calculation (which allows significant time savings), the mounting system and the principle of antenna tuning are the same.

Warning: All work related to heights and electricity is life-threatening!!! If anything causes the slightest concern, do not take risks, trust the professionals!!! You perform independent installation at your own peril and risk!!! In any case, remember about safety precautions and that all dangerous work at height is carried out only by professionals with proven safety equipment!!!

List of basic concepts

TV satellite– a spacecraft located in the geostationary orbit of the Earth and sending a television signal to a certain territory of the Earth via a transponder. All satellites are located in the equatorial plane, so they are at the same latitude, but differ in longitude. In addition to the name, they also have a longitude designation. For example, Amos 4W means that the satellite is called Amos and is located at 4 degrees west longitude (W is West). Hotbird 13E is a satellite of Hotbird, located at 13 degrees east longitude (E is East). Based on the fact that satellites are “fixed” at certain points in orbit, they also have certain coverage areas of the Earth.

Transponder– a transceiver located on the satellite. It is characterized by the width and direction of the sent beam and the broadcast frequency. Broadcasting is carried out in two main bands - C-Band and Ku-Band. Mostly American and Russian satellites broadcast in the C band (4 GHz), and European satellites broadcast in the Ku band (10.700-12.750 GHz). Broadcasting is carried out in linear or circular polarization. Which in turn differ into vertical (V) and horizontal (H) for linear polarization and left (L) and right (R) for circular polarization. When they say “signal from transponder 11766H”, they mean a transponder broadcasting at a frequency of 11766 MHz with a horizontal
polarization. There are from several to dozens of transponders on a satellite
things.

Satellite antenna– the main element of the subscriber’s satellite system for receiving a signal from the satellite. To put it in simple words, the antenna “collects” the weak reflected satellite signal over its entire surface and focuses it to a specific point where the converter is installed. The most common antennas are direct focus and offset. Direct focus ones are a parabolic mirror with a focus at the geometric center, while offset ones have a shifted focus (below the geometric center of the antenna). Accordingly, the converter of a direct-focus antenna is installed in the center, near
offset - shifted to the bottom. Offset antennas are the most popular among ordinary users. They are cheap, easy to install and configure. Antennas are produced in various diameters and from various materials. The material is usually either aluminum alloy or steel. There are non-rotating antennas (rigidly fixed) and antennas with an actuator (motor suspension). The motorized suspension rotates the antenna at specified angles and allows you to receive signals from a huge number of satellites in the field of view. Setting up the latter is not very easy for a beginner. The antenna size is selected individually, depending on the signal strength needed to view the satellite. The antenna diameter must be selected with some margin, since precipitation (heavy rain, snow) creates significant interference with the satellite signal. This is especially true for the Ku-band. But there is no need to go to extremes - if an antenna with a diameter of 0.9 m is enough, absolutely
it is not necessary to buy a 1.5m antenna - it weighs more and its area is larger
more exposed to wind.

Converter– a device designed to receive a satellite signal reflected from an antenna and installed on a corresponding holder at the antenna focus. The main purpose of the converter is to convert the frequency of the received satellite signal (for example, for the Ku-band it is from 10.7 to 12.75 GHz) to an intermediate one (900 - 2150 MHz), at which the attenuation of the signal transmitted in the cable will be less. Since the power of the received satellite signal is very low, the second important task of the converter is to amplify it to an acceptable level for the receiving path of the receiver. Since any converter introduces its own level of noise into the signal, but is also low-noise, it is also called LNB (Low Noise Block). Converters can be designed to operate in linear or circular polarization and are selected depending on which polarization the satellite is broadcasting in (for example, popular NTV+ packages are broadcast in circular polarization and a universal linear polarization converter, despite the name “universal”, is not suitable for reception). If the converter is universal, it switches to the specified polarization with a voltage of 13/18 V supplied by the receiver. 13 V - vertical polarization, 18 V - horizontal. One more nuance: converters come with 1 output, 2 outputs, 4 outputs, 8 outputs. Based on how many independent viewing points will be installed, a converter with the appropriate number of outputs must be installed, since all converter outputs are independent.

Multifeed– holder for additional converter. Since the satellites are located in geostationary orbit relatively close to each other (according to
certain standards), it is possible to simultaneously receive a signal on one antenna using a multifeed from several nearby satellites. A classic example is 3 satellites (Hotbird 13E, Sisius 4.8E, Amos 4W) received on 1 fixed antenna. As a rule, a converter is installed on the main (focal) antenna holder, configured for Sisius 4.8E, on the 1st multifeed converter for Hotbird 13E, and on the 2nd multifeed converter for Amos 4W.

Disek (DiseqC) is a device that switches a signal from several converters to 1 cable. Since the receiver can only receive a signal from one satellite at a time, the converter corresponding to this satellite must be connected to the receiver. This is exactly what the disek does - it connects to the receiver
currently needed converter. There are different discs, designed to work according to a specific protocol. The DiseqC 1.0 protocol is unidirectional and is used when the number of converters is no more than 4. DiseqC 2.0 is the same, only bidirectional and compatible with 1.0. DiseqC 1.1 is used to connect more converters. Protocol 1.2 is used to control the positioner.

A coaxial cable is connected to the inputs and output of the disk via F-connectors.
I think there is no need to talk about connectors and cables - everything is clear here. However, the cable must have a characteristic impedance of 75 Ohms, be made of high-quality materials that can withstand severe temperature changes and have a good shielding braid. The material of the core is steel, copper, copper-plated steel - it’s clear that it’s unlikely to work out better.

Antenna bracket– a simple metal holder that is attached to the wall (usually) and to which the antenna is attached. It must be made as securely as possible so that the wind does not tear off the antenna.

Satellite receiver– a device that receives a satellite signal from a converter and outputs it to the TV in the form of a familiar picture with sound Smile Choosing a receiver is the most difficult task when choosing a satellite system.
Receivers come in both open unencoded channels (FTA) and encoded ones, with card readers, with slots for additional decoding modules, with an emulator, with various video outputs, with a hard drive and other useful and not so useful functions. Here, as they say, there is something for every preference and every budget. There is one important point: today satellite broadcasting in HD format (high-definition video) and MPEG4 is being actively put into operation. Receivers that support these formats are usually much more expensive than regular ones. Therefore, before purchasing a satellite system, you need to decide what content you will watch and what kind of receiver you need for this. Cheap receivers, as a rule, do not have high image and sound quality, great functionality and fast channel switching. Although there are exceptions. A separate nuance is the emulator in the receiver. As its name suggests, the emulator is designed to software emulate the operation of a smart card. What is it for? A huge number of channels from different satellites are protected by encodings. There are different encodings - Viaccess, Seca, Irdeto, Nagravision, Biss, etc. For example, some package of channels in Biss encoding is broadcast and you want to watch it (the antenna is tuned to
desired satellite), but you do not have a smart card. Then look for a software emulator in your receiver (usually this is listed in undocumented capabilities) and turn it on. Enter the channel's access keys, and if everything is in order, watch it. As a rule, emulators in modern receivers support several encodings. Another application of the emulator is a phenomenon popularly called “sharing” or “card sharing”. Yes, and one more thing: when choosing a receiver, you should pay attention to the availability and regularity of released software. In other words, firmware. New firmware, as a rule, removes errors that occur, adds parameters for satellites, transponders, new codes for the emulator, etc.

Selection of components

To begin with, for some time I studied the Internet to familiarize myself with the issue (since I was a complete ignoramus and the concept of what a disc or transponder was was very illusory, but I still wanted to watch satellite TV). I decided what content and from which satellites I want to watch (at the end of this article you can look at the lists of the most popular channels in our area and some links), what is received in my region and what antenna diameter, and also got acquainted with the advice of experienced , among which Vladbel provided me with great help, for which special thanks to him Smile In the end, for
The following satellites were selected: Amos 4W, Sirius 4.8E, Hotbird 13E for one antenna 0.95m and Eutelsat W4 36E for 0.85m. I chose http://www.agsat.com.ua/ as a Kyiv store - everything is in one place and, among other things, they are one of the sellers of original equipment of the same brand recommended by the Openbox manufacturer, and my soul was in Openbox Smile By the way, both receivers I bought in Agsat and receivers bought there for my friends were ALREADY flashed with lists of satellites and lists
favorite channels from popular satellites 4W+5E(4.8E)+13E, and this concerned not only Openboxes. Convenient for those who don’t want to bother too much with filling in favorites.

What was purchased and what were the selection criteria:

• Offset antenna 0.95m, produced in Kharkov. Painted steel. For receiving signals from Amos 4W, Sirius 4.8E, Hotbird 13E.
• Offset antenna 0.85m, produced in Kharkov. Painted steel. To receive a signal from Eutelsat W4 36E.
• Receiver Openbox X-810. Firstly, Openbox has the most powerful technical
  support (new firmware comes out almost every couple of weeks),
  secondly, excellent picture quality, thirdly, built-in emulator,
  fourthly, support for LanComBox (for fans of “sharing”Smile.
• Three universal linear polarization converters SINGLE TITANIUM TSX 0.2dB. Declared low noise level.
• One circular polarization converter SINGLE Circular INVERTO IDLP-40SCIRCL for Eutelsat W4 36E (NTV+).
• Two multifeeds.
• Two antenna brackets.
• Disc signal switch from 4 converters into 1 cable connected to the receiver.
• Coaxial antenna cable, characteristic impedance 75 Ohm, coil 100m.
• 10 antenna screw-on F-connectors.
• 6 anchor bolts "under the nut" 8x72, washers, nuts and lock washers.
• Plastic self-tightening ties.
• A steel cable with clamps for securing the antenna cable to it and lowering it from the roof.
• Plastic box for disc.
• Lanсombox is a device for sharing (anyone who wants can search for the term “card sharing” with any search engine)Smile.

The budget for all this stuff was 1346 hryvnia or ~$270.

Installation

The antenna must be installed in the line of sight to the south. Direct means that there should be no obstacles in front of the antenna in the form of houses, trees, etc. It is for this reason that the most optimal places to install antennas are balconies and roofs. Since my windows are on the ground floor and are not directed to the south, it was decided to install the antennas on the roof. Fortunately, the roof of my typical panel 9-story building is flat, which makes installation easier (if there is no free access to the antenna with more than 1 converter after installing it on the bracket, see below *). What did I need on the roof besides the antennas and their mounts:

• Hammer with drills with pobedit tips. The diameter of the drill is chosen slightly smaller than the diameter of the anchor bolt. Much less is not possible - the anchor will not fit into the wall. Any more - it will “lobble” and it won’t really be possible to tighten it.
• Phillips screwdriver.
• Socket wrench 10.
• Socket wrench 13.
• Adjustable wrench.
• Hammer.
• Paper cutter (for stripping cables for connectors).
• Wire cutters.
• Receiver with remote control.
• Small TV.
• 220V with extension cord for 3 sockets.

The most interesting questions are where to point the antennas? How to determine the direction? How to set up antennas without a satellite finder (a device for setting up satellite dishes costs from $400)? Since in my case it was decided to make the adjustment “by eye”, I decided to determine the direction logically simply - I just looked at where the antennas on the neighboring roof were pointing and
decided to turn mine in the same direction/

An antenna with 3 converters - definitely Sirius, Hotbird, Amos - we have a lot of these and installers mainly install them. Looking at the neighboring houses, you can find many of them and they are all directed in the same direction. That is why I had no doubts. To the left of it with one converter - probably NTVshnaya - we also have enough of those. If you don’t have such guidelines, then the situation is worse. You need to determine the south direction and try to point the antenna there. Once again, an indispensable condition is that in front of the antenna there should under no circumstances be any visible obstacles in the direction of the satellite!!! Among other things, in a situation where the antenna is installed under someone’s balconies or canopies, make sure that
streams of water or snow from the top visor do not fall directly on your antenna. This does not bode well for the reception.

It is to this elevator shaft that I decided to attach my antennas:

It’s unsightly, of course, on the roof, but this is not a European-quality renovation of the apartment Smile Defined
installation location, marked the holes for the brackets, drilled them with a hammer drill, hammered the anchors inside and secured the brackets (I didn’t completely photograph the further steps, so almost all the photos will be from already installed systems). I won’t go into detail about fixing the brackets; I think that everything is clear about this, the work is mechanical. Still, if someone doesn’t know what an anchor bolt is, I’ll show you what it looks like:

It consists of a glass and a bolt located inside it. The bolt has a thread for a nut on one side and a thickening cone on the other. Exactly as in the figure, from left to right, carefully, so as not to damage the thread under the nut, it is driven into the drilled hole.

I recommend loosening the nut, but not unscrewing it completely, otherwise the bolt risks completely falling inside the hole, and then you won’t be able to get it out. The same applies to putting a bracket on the bolts (the nuts will still have to be removed) - make sure that the bolts do not fall inside the glass, I recommend that before putting the bracket on, pull them towards you as much as possible or tighten them a little with a nut so that the cone fits a little into the glass and the bolts do not wobble . The glass should be flush with the wall, and the thread with the nut, respectively, should be outside the hole.

The principle of operation of an anchor bolt is as follows: when the nut begins to be tightened with a wrench, it pulls the bolt inside the glass outward due to the thread. The cone located at the end of the bolt enters the glass and expands it as much as possible inside the hole. As a result, tearing such a bolt out of the wall is far from a trivial task. That is why it is recommended to hang the bracket on self-wedging anchor bolts, and not on screws with plastic dowels.

However, the choice of fastening is a personal matter for everyone. The only thing is, if you still choose anchors, look at their quality, in particular the material and thickness of the glass. Because the anchors are made too flimsily and will hold accordingly.

When installing on a balcony, you can even drill through the wall and thread threaded rods of the appropriate length through it (these are sold in stores). They are secured on both sides with nuts.

Back to the installation.

The first was to set up an antenna with 3 converters for Sirius, Hotbird, Amos, the second was for Eutelsat 36E. At first the brackets were screwed to screw anchor bolts, later I changed them to nut ones. The screw ones turned out to be unreliable. The photo shows the first unsuccessful attempts in the form of remaining holes. By that time, the brackets were also repainted to enhance the original paint:

In the photo above, the antenna is already assembled, with converters, cable, etc. Initially, the antenna was simply assembled, hung on a bracket, and the converters and cable were attached only later. A thin metal cable - I just had extra one and I threaded it through the antenna mount and screwed it to the elevator shaft post in case the wind would tear out the anchors, so that the antenna would not dive from the roof Smile In fact, this is almost impossible, but so be it - That's what I thought. To adjust the antenna in the vertical and horizontal planes, you need to tighten the mount so that the antenna does not change its tilt on its own, but at the same time it can be moved in the planes with some effort. These nuts are not much until the final adjustment
tighten:

An unclamped left screw allows you to adjust the antenna in the vertical plane, 2
without clamping the right ones, rotate the antenna relative to the bracket in the horizontal plane.

Next, both multifeeds are put on the central holder of the antenna converter, converters are inserted into all holders, and everything is tightened so that the converters in the multifeeds can be turned with some effort in all
planes (cables to converters are connected later). The photo below shows what multifeeds are and how they are attached:

After this, the setup process begins. A piece of cable a couple of meters long is screwed to the central converter using an F-connector, the second end of the cable is screwed to the receiver. From some site I have pictures of what an F-connector is and how to screw it onto a cable correctly.

The receiver is connected to the TV, only after that the 220V power is turned on. An important point - when screwing an F-connector onto a cable, you must carefully ensure that the thin conductors of the cable shielding do not short-circuit with the central core, otherwise the receiver can be damaged!!!

I turn on the TV, receiver, go to the Installation-Search for channels menu. In the list of satellites on the left, I select Sirius 2/Ku 4.8E - it is to this satellite that the rigidly fixed central converter will be configured. From the menu on the right I select:

• LNBP: On(turn on converter power)
• LNBP Type: Universal(universal type of converter, according to the ones I purchased)
• LNBP Freq: 10600/9750(indicated on converters)
• 22Khz: Auto(I leave the signal to switch the disk)
• DISEqC: None(I’m leaving it this way, since the signal is connected directly for now, and not through a disk)

Next, using the yellow button on the remote control, I go to the Transponder submenu and select the transponder on which I will search for a signal (I advise you to write out in advance several transponders selected from satellites with different polarizations and REALLY WORKING free-to-air channels (FTA). The list can be found at the links below.

For example, in my case, to begin with, it will be a 11766H transponder, broadcasting at a frequency of 11766 MHz with horizontal polarization. For convenience, the signal quality can be displayed on full screen using the Info button. I will be guided by the lower “Quality” scale:

What do we see in this photo? A bleak picture, signal quality - 0%! Actually, what should you expect? After all, the antenna is still “looking” towards the satellite very approximately.

Next comes the most difficult moment, which requires a lot of endurance - this is adjusting the antenna in planes. Why is a shutter speed necessary - literally a few millimeters, and there will be no signal. It’s not that it will be bad, but it won’t exist at all! The setup is as follows - you need to install the antenna in some vertical position, in my position it was approximately like this:

After this, you need to very, very smoothly rotate the antenna in the horizontal direction and at the same time carefully look at the quality scale, first in one direction, and if the scale does not change from 0, then in the other. When it is discovered that the quality scale has increased to at least 10-15, this is already the first success, you can stop and take a breath. If it is not possible to find a signal in the entire horizontal plane, you need to slightly change the vertical angle of the antenna and begin moving again in the horizontal plane until the signal appears. When at least some signal is found: now you need to try to move the antenna even more smoothly left and right and achieve the maximum level of signal quality. Having achieved this, you need to try to achieve an even larger signal by very smoothly moving the antenna up and down. After this you can try
slightly rotate the converter around its axis in the holder (there are marks on the converter for this purpose):

The maximum signal can be achieved ONLY by combining all these adjustments. Another nuance - if you cannot find a signal under any conditions, and you have double-checked everything, including the receiver settings, 100 times, it makes sense to try another converter; perhaps this one is faulty. I get the maximum signal level that I can get:

It would seem that you can calm down and tighten all the adjustment screws? No matter how
So! After all, the adjustment was made for a transponder broadcasting in horizontal polarization (there is a letter H in the picture at the end of the 2nd term), but you also need to configure some transponder in vertical (V) polarization:

In my case, turning the converter in the holder counterclockwise helped to achieve better signal quality in vertical polarization.

After this, you can scan the transponders (look in the documentation with your
receiver, how to do this) and visually see whether the channels are received and whether they correspond to the selected satellite:

When signals in horizontal and vertical polarizations are at their maximum
What can be pulled out, it is necessary to tighten all the adjusting nuts that are not fully tightened. And there is one unpleasant moment - when you tighten the nut, the antenna slightly changes its direction, and the signal quality can noticeably decrease! So you also need to tighten it very carefully. Everything, the antenna and the first converter are configured. I turn off the receiver from the outlet, wind the cable from the central converter to the converter on the left (to the one on the multifeed, if you look at the antenna
front), turn on everything, select Hotbird 13E in the menu, the same menu settings on the right as for Sirius, select a working transponder and try to set the maximum signal quality. Only this time I’m not adjusting the antenna, but the converter itself on the multifeed. It can move in all planes relative to the antenna focus - left, right, up, down, forward, backward:

All nuts are tightened when the signal is maximum. Don't forget about checking
both polarizations. I scan Hotbird's transponders and visually check some free channels.

I turn everything off again, twist the cable to the 3rd converter, turn everything on, select Amos 4w and configure it. Everything is the same. After this, the setup of the first antenna can be considered complete.

Second antenna. Which I am going to configure on Eutelsat W4 36E (NTV+). It’s simpler here - there’s only one converter. Moreover, since it is circularly polarized, it is not very important how it will be deployed inside the holder. It is best to have the cable facing down so that sediment does not accumulate on it:

Accordingly, you need to adjust the antenna in the horizontal and vertical planes. I turn everything off and reconnect the cable to this converter. The settings according to the purchased converter are as follows:

I set up the second antenna, check the antenna in both polarizations on different
transponders. Since the converter is designed for circular polarization, they are checked not for H and V, but for L and R (left and right).

That's all. You can turn everything off. Now you need to switch the signal through the disk.

My disc has 1 output to the receiver, designated REC, and 4 inputs for
converters called 1,2,3,4. I connect the converters like this:

1. Sirius
2. Hotbird
3. Eutelsat

The connection is simple - a segment is connected to each converter
cable connected to the corresponding disk input. If you install one antenna with 1 converter, then you don’t need a disc. If there is one antenna for 2 converters and the disk has 2 free ports, it’s okay. The disk is installed not far from the antennas and, preferably, is placed in a waterproof box (I bought it at an electrical goods store) so that precipitation does not fall on it:

Holes for ventilation are desirable in the bottom of the disc box. Acute
Cable bend angles are not allowed! The F-connectors on the converters are closed either with the included caps or with heat-shrinkable tubing:

By the way, in the above photo you can see the distances between the converters and their angles of inclination. On the right is the antenna aimed at Eutelsat W4.

I configure the disk drive protocol (in my case 1.0) and the distribution of converters according to the inputs (ports) of the disk drive in the receiver menu:

The pictures show which converters are assigned to which inputs (ports) of the disk (to which satellite). 0/12V: On only for LanComBox. If you don’t have it, then you don’t need to turn on 12V. I save the changes and check if all the disk inputs are working (that is, all configured satellites have a signal).

Someone may have a question: “why not immediately connect all the converters to the disk, register all the inputs and configure the antennas?” The answer is simple - if the disk is really not working, you will waste a LOT of time and nerves trying to create a signal that cannot be found by definition. Among other things, without a disc you can quickly determine whether the converter you bought is working.

I tighten the cables with ties so that nothing dangles. Remains not a stretch
attach the cable to the cable, lower the cable down and tighten it. Install cable in the apartment, connect the receiver, TV and watch satellite TV Smile

Here's what I ended up with on the roof:

*- If there is no access to the antenna after installing it on the bracket:

when there is only one converter on the antenna, everything is clear, nothing complicated - it is fixed
rigidly on the antenna, the antenna is hung out of the window (or somewhere else) on a bracket, and adjusted in the vertical and horizontal planes all from the same window (return to the warning at the beginning of the instructions!!!). What should you do if you need to configure 1 additional converter (or more) on the multifeed? At the dacha, I did this: I screwed the bracket to an old high cabinet, put the assembled antenna on it, placed the whole structure in front of a wide open window and set it up that way. By the way, a curious moment - with the very first turn on, with approximate antenna tilts, without additional settings, I received a quality level on Sirius of more than 70%! I couldn’t believe my eyes. In a word, I set up all 3 converters in this form, carefully clamped everything, hung the bracket outside the window and hung the antenna with the already configured converters on it. All that remains is to adjust it in planes.

An important point when installing satellite antennas at high altitude: in addition to safety precautions and insuring yourself, first of all, when hanging the antenna on a bracket or mast, always protect the antenna. Just imagine
imagine what an antenna from above could do to the head of a random passer-by or to the body of an expensive BMW.

Another thing - many people recommend grounding antennas installed on the roof,
however, some installers are vehemently opposed to this. I'm inclined to conclude that grounding the antenna still won't hurt.

Probably every person wants to watch many television channels from a satellite dish, while the costs of materials, equipment and installation should be minimal. Satellite television from 3 satellites meets all these conditions: Hot Bird 13°e, Astra (Sirius) 5°e, Amos 4°w- this is a suitable option for watching most free Russian-language channels (about 90), as well as foreign ones (about 2000). In this case, the set of equipment for installation consists of a satellite antenna, 2 additional plastic mounts (called multifeeds) for side converters, 3 converters (heads) for the Ku-band, a support or mast for fixed fixation of the antenna, DiSEqС (Disek) switch heads, RF cable 75 Ohm and F - connectors.

Preparatory work:
- Before installing the antenna, it must be assembled and equipped with additional mounts and convectors. First, we screw the arc to the mirror while observing all the geometric dimensions - we tighten the bolts, then we install the fastenings to the bracket and the fastenings (multifids) of the convectors. First we install the mount for the Hot Bird 13E convector - this mount will be closer to the antenna mirror, the second we install the mount for the Amos 4W head and put the third Astra 5E convector on the central axis, attaching them with the appropriate fasteners.
- We cut 3 pieces of RF cable a meter long (less possible), put F-connectors on the ends of the cable and insulate the metal part, then screw these 3 pieces of cable to the DiSEqC switch, in our case we use a 4-port disk (DiSEqC 1.0). Since we will connect the cables last, after setting up the antenna, at this stage of preparation it is advisable to sign or mark them according to the following recommendation: 1 DiSEqC input is connected with a cable to the Sirius 5E head, 2 input is connected to the Amos 4W convector and 3 input is connected to the head tuned to the Hot Bird 13E satellite. As a result, we will get:

Choosing a place to install the antenna:
The area where our antenna will be installed must be free in the south-west direction (South-West) from trees, houses, and obstructing structures that may interfere with the passage of the signal from the satellite to the receiving dish. Such a place could be the wall of a building, the roof of a building, a mast or a tower. If we install it on the wall of a building (this is the preferred option), then first you need to secure the bracket using anchor bolts or dowels of a suitable size. We place the previously prepared satellite antenna on the bracket, but without the disc for now. Satellite dish setup:
First of all, you need to tune the dish to the central satellite Astra (Sirius), after that we compress the bolts of the rotation angle and tilt angle of the dish, since they are not involved in tuning the antenna to the Amos and Hotbird satellites. Using a piece of cable, we connect the receiver to the central convector Astra (Sirius), and configure our dish to the Astra (Sirius) satellite. To set up, it is most convenient to prepare in advance the equipment for setting up satellite dishes: this can be either a special SatFinder device or a satellite receiver (for example Openbox X-800) with prepared transponder frequencies and a connected portable TV.

Table No. 1. Parameters for setting up the Satellite dish:

Satellite	Transponder	Visual inspection channel
Astra 4A (4.8E)	11766 H 27500	1+1, TET, 2+2
Astra 4A (4.8E)	12073 H 27500	News One, Glas, Business
Astra 4A (4.8E)	12399 V 27500	Inter, NTN, Mega
Hotbird 13B/13C/13E (13E)	10815 H 27500	Russian Music Box, TBN Russia
Hotbird 13B/13C/13E (13E)	11034 V 27500	RTR Planeta, Shanson TV
Hotbird 13B/13C/13E (13E)	12597 V 27500	EuroNews, Perviy channel Romania
Amos 2/3 (4W)	11139 H 30000	112 Ukraine, Tonis, Inter
Amos 2/3 (4W)	11175 H 30000	Telekanal STB, M1, Novy Kanal
Amos 2/3 (4W)	10842 H 30000	UA TV, Boutique TV

We select the “Antenna installation” mode in the receiver menu, in “Manual search” we set the frequency for the Astra 4.8E satellite - 11.766 GHz, H - horizontal polarization, 27500 - flow rate, error correction - auto, these data are shown in the table. The search for a satellite must be performed using the strongest transponder, and only then fine tuning should be carried out using transponders with a weak signal, while achieving the maximum signal strength.
- We orient the antenna towards the expected location of the satellite, it can be determined by a compass (complex method) or by neighboring antennas (simple method). This is a very important stage of setup, and if you choose the wrong direction, you can spend a long time and painfully fiddling with setting up the antenna without getting the desired result.
- After you are convinced that the direction is correct and the angle of inclination is in the middle position, you need to smoothly and slowly rotate the antenna in the horizontal direction, checking the presence of a signal on the QUALITY scale, in one direction, and if the scale does not respond, then in the other . After the first pass, you need to slightly change the angle of inclination from top to bottom, start moving again in the horizontal plane, and do this several times until a signal appears. When you manage to catch at least some signal, you need to stop and with light, insignificant movements up and down, left and right, achieve the maximum signal level on the scale. Afterwards, we firmly fix the bolts securing the angle of inclination and the angle of rotation of the plate. Next, we proceed to fine-tune the convector, to do this we rotate it a little in the holder, you can also move it a little back and forth along the holder, while achieving maximum readings on the QUALITY scale.
We need to make sure that the antenna is tuned to exactly the satellite to which we tuned it, and not to some other one. To do this, we scan the transponders from table 1 and turn on some channel from the table. If the channels are not scanned or are not shown, then the antenna is configured for another satellite, and the setting should be repeated. When everything is done, you need to tighten all the adjusting screws. The approximate signal level for Astra 4.8E is shown in the picture below. However, for each satellite, transponder, receiver, antenna diameter, as well as installation location, the signals will be different

- Setting up the remaining 2 satellites (Amos and Hotbird) involves finding the position of the converter relative to the central one. It should be moved in all planes relative to the focus of the plate: up, down, left, right, forward, backward. To set up the Hot Bird satellite, you need to connect the cable to the Hot Bird convector, and in the receiver menu you need to set the satellite and signal parameters from the table. We do the same with the Amos convector. After all the manipulations, you need to once again make sure that all satellites are configured correctly, and once again check the tightness of all antenna elements. Now you can connect DiSEqC using prepared and marked cable sections with the corresponding convector. Don't forget to set the port numbers for each satellite in the receiver. In our example: 1 port - Astra (Sirius 5E), 2 port - Amos 4W, 3 port - Hot Bird 13E, 4 port - free.